i 



« 








i^eK 




rw^ 






Illustrated rnd Described 



Compliments of 

H. FRANCIS, 

^Eoam 70, Chronicle Bldg. 

*||lS|^AJ^FRAN CISCO CM& 



RESNO i GITY#G0CJRTY 



PRESENTING THEIR ADVANTAGtS OF 







Location, Productiveness, Health, Climate, and their 
many other Inducements to the Investment of Capital 
and the Establishment of Homes and Manufacturing 
Industries. 



"^T^cgpg^ 



♦rr- — *C— *M€r'»' 



Published under the auspices of the 

FRESNO CHAMBER OF GOMMERGE 



TRADE-IMMIGRATION PUB. CO. 



£. jfe. W. H. ALEXANDER, 

If "If Photographer '*c\ : l\\\il 

1U Compiled and. Published *j..|, patigian bros. 

June 1, 1896 *j j^ sunset photo and eng. co. / 

^ i 3 £■ Engravers 

131 Post St., S. F. 

Alii 





SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL FEATURES OF FRESNO COUNTY. 






Bv| Wav| of J rptroSuctioi^. 




HE purposes of this publication will suggest themselves to the reader without any introduc- 
tory remarks. However, the publishers wish to state that it was not their purpose to 
present a historical work, or to describe and illustrate by engraving every feature of the 
city and county, or to give or attempt to give a detailed report of the many and varied 
products of the soil, as that would require a volume many times larger than it was their 
purpose to present. In view of a large issue, and to encourage an extensive distribution 
by mail to all parts of the world their purpose was to issue a work of convenient size and 
sufficiently illustrative and descriptive of the advantages of location, climate and produc- 
tiveness to provide their readers with all necessary information as they thought would lead 
to a personal investigation of the many inducements which Fresno city and county has to offer to the investment of capital, 
establishment of homes and manufacturing industries, and the culture of all kinds of fruits and vegetables. Through the 
efforts of the Chamber of Commerce as a body, its individual members, the individual members of the One Hundred Thousand 
Club, and the liberality of Fresno's patriotic and enterprising citizens, this work has been carefully prepared, containing a 
truthful statement of facts from a descriptive, statistical and illustrative standpoint. For the purpose of more forcibly 
impressing our readers with the correctness of our statements, we have incorporated many of our enterprises and industries 
by illustration and description. The engravings herein are from photographs purposely taken for this work, and are faithful 
portrayals of natural and architectural scenes in the city and county. Reference has been made herein to many different 
parties, through whom our readers may obtain further personal information respecting any matter in which they feel an 
interest, and we again wish to impress them with our earnestness in requesting a personal investigation of all matters of 
facts herein stated. 

For copies of this publication address C. H. Riege, 1809 Mariposa street, Fresno, California, enclosing price, 75 cents 
per copy, postage prepaid. 






Fresno G^an^ber of Gonpnperce, fresco, Gal. 



OFFICERS, 1896. 

Arthur R. Bkiggs President Louis Einstein Treasurer 

L. G 1 NDBXFINGEB Vice-President W. S. Badgek Secretary 



BOARD OF DIRECTORS. 



If. Sherwood, 



Alex. Goldstein, 



F. K. Prescott, 



A. J. Pedlar, 



Louis Einstein, 



L. Gundelfinger, 



Arthur R. Briggs. 



STANDING COnniTTEES. 



Way- and Means, Auditing — A. J. Pedlar, F. K. Prescott, Alex. Goldstein. 

Commerce and Transportation — C. H. Markham, John McMullin, A. L. Hobbs. 

Improvements and Manufactures— W. R. Thomas, H. D. Colson, J. J. Seymour. 

Statistics and Immigration— J. Reichman, W. G. Uridge, C. Chisholm. 

Membership — Alex. Goldstein, L. Gundelfinger, F. G. Berry. 



HEMBERS FRESNO CHAHBER OF COMMERCE. 



Geo. H. Aiken, M. D. 
Alexander & Goodman 
N. I- Allen 
D. D Allison 
1 '.art on Estate Co. 
Fulton G. Beiry 
H. J. Booth 
Arthur R. Briggs 

A. B. Butler 
Barrett-Hicks & Co. 
Cap'. Frank Barrett 

B. B. Butler 

F. M. Chittenden 
H. B. Choice 
H. D. Colson 
Stanton L Carter 
< '. Chisholm 



J. Wilbur Cate 

W. J. Dickey 

A. Dinkelspiel 

J. D. Davidson, M. D. 

E. C. Dunn, M. D. 

Wm. Davison 

Dorsey & Parker 

Louis Einstein 

Eggers & Co. 

C. H. Emmons 

S. Evinger 

L. P. Fleishman 

Max Frankenau 

Fresno City Livery Co. 

Wm, Forsyth 

W. F. Forsey 

H. Francis 

A. Gartenlaub 



Alex. Goldstein 
Alex. Gordon 
Louis Gundelfinger 
Griffin & Skelly Co. 
Leopold Gundelfinger 
Henry Gundelfinger 
S. Goldstein 
H. Graff & Co. 
Wm. Helm 
Eli Henderson 
J. S. Hermann 
Hobbs & Parsons 
W. H. Hodgkin 
Tlios. E. Hughes 
T. J. Hammond 
Joseph Huber 
Holland & Holland 
Sam Jackson 



J. H. Kelly 
A. Kutner 

E. Kennedy 
T. J. Kirk 

F. Locan 

W. Parker Lyon 
A. V. Lisenby 
Edward N. Lin 1 say 
M. R. Madary 
Madera Flu me& Trad. Co. 
John McMullin 
W. H. McKenzie 
Geo. H. Monroe 
C. H. Markham 
M. W. Muller 
Geo. H. M alter 
McCallum & Co. 
Marshall & Wilson 



John C. Nourse 

Noble Bros. 

A. Newhouse 

O. B. Olufs & Co. 

Olney & Jonsen 

T. J. Ockenden 

W. W. Phillips 

F. K. Prescott 

T. S. Price 

A. J. Pedlar, M. D. 

J. Reichman 

Chester Rowell, M. D. 

P. R. Ruben 

W. F. Rowell 

C. H. Riege 

F. Roeding 

G. S. Ramsay 
J. J. Seymour 



H. Sherwood 
Chas. A. Schwei er 

B. F. Shepherd 
F. H. Short 
Major J. H. Simpson 
Alex E. Smith 

W. R. Thomas 
W. G. Uridge 
F. D. Vanderlip 
Van Valer & Hyde 

C. L. Walter 
Aug. Weihe 
A. Weilheimer 
T. C. White 

O. J. Woodward 

C. F. Wyer 

A. U. Warnekros 





ill rat 3rN the flower-clad land of the setting sun, 
III W r Where nature her noblest work has done, 
' ^- Between two ranges of mountains of lofty 
mein, 
The rich glorious San Joaquin Valley is 
seen. 
For five hundred long miles she trails her way 

there, 
From the base of Mt. Shasta to the waters of 
Lake Tulare, 

And running at cross angles throughout her rich land 
Are little streamlets and broad navigable rivers of 
great command. 




Nestling on the bosom of this fertile valley, I trow, 
Is the productive county and promising city of Fresno, 
Whose star is in the ascendency, and ever more will 

shed 
Bright translucent rays of prosperity on her gold- 

incrested head. 
Thousands are her tillable acres; many her cultivated 

fields, 
Glowing with a golden harvest, every year making 

wonderful yields. 
Gold lias been found in profusion, while fruits and 

vegetables entwine — 
A natural product of this valley — the orange, lemon 

and lime. 






Level and broad are her domains, embracing many 

miles, where grow 
Figs and grapes in plenty, and the rivulets with wine 

seem to flow, 
While gay-plumed happy song-birds sing a jubilee of 

praise, 
And the sunshine warm and tender kisses the valley 

in lingering rays; 
Shimmering poppies and bluebells cover the unculti- 
vated sod, 
In their daintrel beauty, lifting their faces up to God, 
And in the distance the bold hoary mountains look 

down 
On sombre solemn forests where sweet wayside violets 

are found. 






Here glorious summer, bedecked in festal array, 
Claims the whole year as her season, and makes it one 

grand gala day. 
The feeble advances of winter are checked by her 

warm sweet breath, 
And in her gentle embrace the hibernal infant finds 

death. 
No hand but that of the masterful Artist Divine 
Can give to her landscape and sky their color sublime, 
And no sweet incense of the Orient can ever compare 
To the fragrance of the locust blossoms pervading 

the air. 




Could old Bacchus revel in this county of wine 

Many would be the goblets quaffed to the goddess 
sublime; 

The acclaiming praises of the nectar would be loud, 

It would be served on Mt. Olympus at the tables of 
the god; 

In goblets of purest silver would the sparkling bub- 
bles swim, 

Chasing each effervescent bubble like seafoam o'er the 
brim; 

And soon would the mythical figures of god and 
goddess sweep 

Through the dim aisles of mystery their appointment 
with Bacchus to keep. 




Officers at^o Members of tt^e Oi^e Hui^oreo o^oasai^o blab. 



A. V. LlSENBY 

We Glass. F. C. Dunn 



President 

Vice-Presidents 



E. F. Bernhard , 
T. S. Price 



.Treasurer 
. Secretary 



EL F. Bernhard 
f. T. Cearley 
< '. Chisholm 
J. F. Church 
Jacob Clark 



Adams. H. L. 
Allan. Taylor 
Austin. H. Z. 
Barisicb, P. 
Barnum. H. E. 
Barrert. C. W. 
Bean, W. A. 
Bernhard, E. F. 
Bonner. C. S. & Co. 
Buker, H. O. 
By x lee, C. J. 
Campbell, C. A. 
Cate. J. Wilbur 
Cearley, C. T. 
Chaddock, E. G. 
Charters. H. A. 
< hisholm, C. 
Chittenden, F. M. 
Church, Ceo. E. 
Church, J. F. 
Clark, F. S. 
Clark. Jacob 



E. C. Dunn 
J. S. Eastwood 
Win. Glass 
John D. Gray 
T. G. Hart 



Collier, J. M. 
Davidson, Win. 
Degen, Win. 
Doyle, James L. 
Drury, E. M. 
Dunn, E. C. 
Eastwood, J. S. 
Epstein, J. N. 
Fisher, F. W. 
Foin, F. A. 
Forsey, W. A. 
Gallagher, Jas. 
Gartenlaub, A. 
Gearhart, J. W. 
Glass, Wm. 
Gray, John D. 
Gray, L. L. 
Griffith, S. N. 
Haber, F. J. 
Hansen & Bang 
Hart, T. G. 
Hawes, Horace 



EXECUTIVE COnniTTEE. 

A. L. Hobbs 
A. V. Lisenby 
John McMullin 
T. S. Price 



HEHBERS. 

Hedrick, W. L. 
Helm, F. M. 
Heringhi, L. 
Hermann, J. S. 
Hicks, J. D. 
Higgins, E. R. 
Hobbs, A. L. 
Holland, W. B. 
Hoover, T. A. 
Hughes, Thos. E. 
Hutchinson, B. E. 
Ingells, W. H. 
Inns, Chas. 
Lisenby, A. V. 
Lynch, T. H. 
Madary, M. R. 
Maupin, J. L. 
Minor, C. J. 
Moody, N. W. 
Moore, G.. L. 
Muller, M. W. 
McCallum, Wm. 



G. S. Ramsay 
Geo. Roeding 
W. N. Rohrer 
J. J. Sevmour 



McKenzie, W. H. 
McLaughlin, D. C. 
McMullin, John 
McVey, W. F. 
Noble Bros. 
Norton, S. W. 
Nourse, J. C. 
Owen, L. H. 
Parsons, S. S. 
Porteous, Jas. 
Price, Miss Ethel M. 
Price, T. S. 
Ramsay, G. S. 
Reige, C. H. 
Risley, E. W. 
Roeding, Gen. C. 
Rohrer, W. N. 
Sachs, A. 
Sanford, M. E. 
Schulz, A. H. 
Schwarz, Ed. 



J. W. Sbanklin 
Geo. A. Smith 
L. A. Spencer 
W. A. Washer 



Schweizer, C. A. 
Scoott, Jay 
Scott, B. T. 
Seymour, J. J. 
Shanklin, J. W. 
Short, F. H. 
Short, J. W. 
Skinner, H. W. 
Slater, J. A. 
Smith, Geo. A. 
Spencer, L. A . 
Teague, Chas. 
Vincent, J. P. 
Warlow, Geo. L. 
Washer, W. A. 
Webster, Mark 
Weiner, A. J. 
Welsh, H. H. 
Wittmack, Chas. 
Woy, M. L. 
Wright, S. S. 




ORANGE TREE. 
W. W. PHILLIPS' FIVE-YEAR-OLD PEACH ORCHARD. 



GROUP OF FRESNO COUNTY ORCHARDS. 



ORANGE ORCHARD. 
FIG ORCHARD AND AVENUE OF PALMS. 



J resi^o Gitvj ai^S Goui^tv] iip Brief. 



fFl; ITY— Elevation, 285 feet. 

' 1 8^a ^ as ;l l'°r u ' at i° n °f 13,000. 
^.■"^i The county seat of Fresno County. 

Metropolis of the San Joaquin Valley. 
In the geographical center of the State. 
Commercial distributing point of Central California. 
200 miles south of San Francisco, and 300 miles north of 
Los Angeles. 

Has the lowest death rate of any city in the State (see State 
health report). 

Five banking institutions, with a paid up capital of .$1,000,000. 
One of the largest flouring mills in the State, capacity 400 
barrels per diem. 

Fifteen fruit-packing houses, among which are some of the 
largest in the State. 

Two daily and three weekly newspapers, of a high journalistic 
character. 

Is situated in the center of the largest irrigated valley in the 
world. 

Has the second largest electric light and power plant on the 

Pur an ideal semi-tropic home Fresno presents exceptional 
inducements. 

Fair grounds and buildings cost over $100,000. Semi-paid Fire 
Department. 

Has sixteen active church organizations. Has a Free Public 
Library. 

Handsome High School Building, costing $60,000. A $240,000 
Court House. 

Has four substantial Public School Buildings, costing over 
$57,000. 

Has a handsome $150,000 Opera House. Two well organized 
military companies. 

An extensive fruit canning establishment. Five grain ware- 
houses. 



Has a cold storage and packing house. Two large steam 
laundries. 

Has a complete sewer system with perfect sanitary condition-. 

Large Agricultural Works and Foundries. Two large Planing 
Mills. 

Has an extensive Gas and Electric Light Plant, which furnishes 
ample light and power for the city. 

Her Water Works system is among the finest in the State, and 
has a daily capacity of 4,000,000 gallons, costing over $300,000. 

On completion of the San Francisco and San Joaquin Railroad 
will, undoubtedly, be a common point with freight rates, as low as any 
point on the coast. 

Her Hotel facilities are almost unequaled, with one of the finest 
hotels in the interior of the State (The Hughes). 

Has an illustrated and descriptive monthly Magazine (The 
Interior'), publishe 1 in the interest of Fresno County and Central 
California. 

Her climatic advantages; nearness to the mountains, valleys 
and canyons, where every variety of climate and scenery may be 
found ; her abundance of pure water, and great variety of fruit, 
flowers and vegetables, make her one of the most desirable health 
and pleasure resorts to ba found among the larger cities in the State. 

COUNTY— Comprises 3,587,840 acres, of which 2,242,400 acres 
are subject to cultivation, and 1,345,414 acres pasturage and 
mineral land. 

Hasa population of 35,000. Has 890 Stock, Cereal and general 
farms. 

It has 119 School districts, and employs 189 teachers in her 
public schools. 

The value of her School Property amounts to over $360,000. 

Three High Schools, 68 Grammar Schools, and 114 Primary 
Schools. 

County Buildings and Grounds, costing $700,000 (paid for, 
and no bonded indebtedness). 




FRESNO CANAL AND IRRIGATION COMPANVS MAIN HEADGATE ON KINGS RIVER, 



From the Interior, 



A magnificent, well-equipped and stocked County Hospital and 
Farm. 

assessed value of her Real Estate in 1895 was 823,!US,252. 

The assessed value of her Personal Property in 18^5 was 
-_ H 82 

Has the largest acreage of tillable land of any county in the 
Si 

Has twelve large Wineries, among which are some of the largest 
iu the world. 

Her yearly output of wine and brandy averages nearly 3,000,000 

lis. 

Exports yearly large quantities of Wool, Live Stock and 
Lornl 

Her valleys, mountains and foothills supply a luxuriant growth 
of different grasses, and is especially adapted to the raising of stock. 

T estimated value of the lumber in her forest lands at $10 per 
• ill amount to over 875,000,000. 

Her <»d discovered is 38 degrees gravity, and said to be the 
highest grade in the United States. 

Her Pine and Redwood Lumber Forests are very extensive, and 
are tapped by two of the longest flumes in the State, each being 60 
miles long, and each having a daily capacity of 200,000 feet of 
lumber. 

Her Alfalfa fields yield from four to five crops per year, 4 to 6 
■ 

She exports 217,000,000 pounds of Fruits, Grain, Hay, Flour, 
mill sturl'. yearly. 

Largest irrigating systems of any county on the coast, with 

st water rate (62| cents per acre, for practically an unlimited 
sup] 

Her soil being of a sedimentary and porous nature is particularly 
well adapted to irrigation, and does not require rain to insure a good 
crop. Has the largest irrigating ditches, there being 300 miles of 
main canals, 1.000 miles of branch canals, and 5,000 miles of distri- 
buting ditches. 

The San Joaquin and Kings Rivers, two of the largest in the 
State, rise in Fresno County, and are fed by the water-sheds of her 
foothills and mountains. 

During the season, when the most water is needed for irrigating 
purposes, from May to August, the snows are melting in her moun- 
tains. 



Her minv seison begins November 15th and continues until 
April 15th, which supplies an abundance of water for Fall, Winter 
and Spring irrigating. 

Slie has 1,450 Orchards and Vineyards, of from 5 acres to 40 
acres each, and has 260 vineyards of from 40 acres to 1,200 acres 
each. 

Her extensive variety of soil makes possible the growth of 
almost every known cereal, fruit, vine, and vegetable, with her irri- 
gating advantages. 

The climate is healthful, equitable, and the husbandman can 
work out of doors with comfort every day in the year, no blizzards, 
cyclones or thunderstorms. 

Her mineral resources are extensive, and are attracting much 
attention. 

Mt. Whitney, the highest mountain in the United States, and 
perpetually covered with snow, can be seen from most any part of 
the county. 

Mt. Goddard, the third highest mountain in the United States, 
is in this county. 

The scenery in Paradise and Tehipite Valleys rival that of the 
Yosemite. 

Her Sequoia <; Gigantea" (the big trees of California), are 
among tbe largest to be found in the State, many of which are 100 
feet in circumference. 

The Oranges grown in this county ripen and are ready for market 
from three weeks to a month earlier than those grown South of the 
35th parallel. 

The Citrus Fruit Belt, or thermal belt, is estimated to comprise 
70,000 acres. 

The Lemons grown in the thermal belt are more uniform in size 
and have a smoother surface than those grown further South or North 

Tomato vines have been known to grow and bear three success- 
ive years before being killed by frost, in the thermal belt, near the 
foothills. 

There was over 500 tons of Figs packed in Fresno County in 18!) 5. 

Apples grown in the foothills of this County are as fine as those 
of New England, and there ai"e thousands of acres of this land to be 
had. 

Wild coffee plants grow in profusion along the Sierra foothills. 

Peanuts grow to perfection in the rich alluvial soils of Fresno 
County. 



The Southern Pacific Railroad Co. furnished the following figures : Shipped to Eastern markets— 67,500,000 lbs. Raisins, 7,700,000 
lbs. Dried Tree Fruits, 6,700,000 lbs. Green Tree Fruits, 1,250,000 gallons of Wine (the principal wine products having been shipped to 
San Francisco for reshipment), for the year 1895. 

The following facts were 
obtained from the County 
Assessor. The County has : 

Bearing. Non-bearing 

Apple Trees. 19,392 9,173 

Apricots. . . . 40,275 28,705 

Cherry 1,121 3,297 

Figs 27,936 11,957 

Olive 1,064 12,173 

Peach 151,800 238,477 

Pear 68,097 46,756 

Prunes(Frch) 20,657 41,894 

Prunes (°^er g) 6,021 4,275 

Lemon 575 5,518 

Orange 7,677 18,184 

Nectarines.. 2,467 1,912 

Almonds... 4,211 11,254 

Walnuts... . 661 526 
Chestnuts . . 60 

Miscellane'us 24,040 47,100 
Acres in Rai-| 3g() 
sin Grapes J 

Fresno County offers good 
opportunities for the estab- 
lishment of the following en- 
terprises and industries : 

A Must Condenser, Beet 
Sugar Factory, Olive Oil Mills, 
Woolen Mills, Pickle Factor- 
ies, Fruit and Vegetable Can- 
neries, Ice Factory, Glacing 
Fruits Industry, Flavoring 
Extract Factory, Brewery, 
Tannery, Paper Mills, Pottery 
and Tile Works, Silk Culture, 
Cream of Tartar Works. 




SCENE ON THE UPPER SAN JOAQUIN. 



From the Interior. . 



Central Central California embraces GO, 000 square miles or 38.400,000 acres of land, and includes most of the 

California wealth and population of the State. Its chief feature is the San Joaquin Valley, covering 450 by 40 miles 

in area, drained on the North by the Sacramento River and its tributaries, and ou the South by the San 

quin and Kings Rivers. Much has been written of the early days of California and of her antinatal condition, and it is 

rfluous here to go into prosy historical details; to resurrect the bones of perilous conditions and great disadvantages 

huh was the lot of the primitive white settler. Old Missions still stand, silent but impressive symbols of Spanish rule, 

1 are the remaining link connecting the present with the past. Suffice it to say that Central California had her share of 

early bloody rencounters with savage tribes, and many brave souls suffered an untimely and cruel death at their hands. But 

with the horrible past we are doue; it is of the present and future that we would speak, and relate a few reasons why Central 

California is the most attractive section of the State. It has the most diversified and picturesque scenery; most equitable 

and healthful climate; the finest vegetables and fruits; the most wonderfully productive soil; the largest wineries and 

vineyards in the world; the largest and most perfect irrigating system in the United States; the greatest lumber flumes and 

iils: and many world-renowned pleasure resorts, among which are the grand Yosernite Valley, Lake Tahoe, Death Valley, 

o Lake. Bit. Whitney — the highest mountain elevation in the United States, and which eternally wears a crown of snow — 

- "ies the many deep grand canyons, wonderful waterfalls, cataracts and mountain peaks of 14.000 feet, and many other 
oints of interest, which delight the sight and imagination of all who visit them. Her beaches are the finest, and afford the 

- surf-bathing, and are the most popular and fashionable on the coast. The world-famed groves of "Big Trees" are in 
tral California. The quantity, variety and wealth of her minerals are not equaled in the State, while it is the natural 

home of all deciduous fruit. Oranges ripen a month earlier than in Southern California, and equal, if not surpass, those 

- 1 in famous Riverside. Health seekers who have previously spent the winters in Southern California are now visiting 
this section instead, as it is better adapted for all diseases of the throat and lungs, being dry and without the cold ocean 
breezes and fogs. Blizzards, droughts and failure in crops are never known, and while a great portion of the land is under 
cultivation, there are many thousands of acres of fertile, tillable land subject to settlement, which can be bought or leased 
at nominal sums, and only awaits the advent of the great San Joaquin Valley Railroad to enhance its value many fold, and 
oi en up an avenue of cheap freight rates to the East for all of our products, thereby giving this section a great advantage 
over any other part of the State. This road will be completed this year, being already over half finished, and work is being 
pushed with all speed. It taps the richest farming and mining land in the State, and is the beginning of a new era for this 
country. The Southern Pacific Railroad crosses this section in many branches, and also with the main road, and there is 

o section of the State that has better railroad facilities. The richest and most productive portion of Central California is 
the Great San Joaquin Valley, which lies between the Sierra Nevada and Coast Range of mountains. This valley is world- 
renowned for its remarkably productive soil and the superior quality of its wheat, all kinds of grain and vegetables, and for 
producing the " blue-ribboned fruits" of California. The San Joaquin, Sacramento and Kings Rivers compose her great 
streams, though each has many tributaries. The two former rivers, being navigable, have regular, established steamboat 
lines. Geographically in the center of the State, lapped in the arms of this valley and nourished at her bountiful breast, 
is the county of Fresno, " The Spain of the West.'' 

3° 




V'-S{ ■■ -• 



POLLASKEY RESIDENCE. 

MRS J. P. BERNITT'S RESIDEiNCE. 



DR J. C. COOPERS RE^niCNCE. 
DR. W. J. BAKER'S RESIDENCE. 



Fresno No citv in the West, at the present, is attracting the same attention as Fresno. Her marvelous developments are 
citv being eagerly watched, and her future greatness predicted by all. The populace of California seem at last to 

have awakened to the real worth and intrinsic value of this, the agricultural and distributing center of Central 
California. Twenty years ago it was, seemingly, a barren plain, cowboys, shepherds, antelope, deer and coyotes ruled with 
undisputed sway and constituted the sole population. An air of languid abandonment and inertia pervaded the atmosphere; 
voluptuous nature was in a comatose state, awaiting the co-operative influence of water and manual labor to arouse her dor- 
mant powers and make the valley smile with wonderful productions and the land ring with her praises. Those kindred spirits, 
Art and Industry, have combiued their powers with the cogent force of nature, and transformed this treeless plain into the 
most productive of all valleys, a " paradise of fruits." With the advent of the first railroad in 1872, came the enterprising 
capitalist and energetic merchants, with the influx of settlers which follow in their wake, soon the little railroad station 
emerged into a promising city. In 1774, two years after her inception, she was made the county seat, and from that time on 
has made wonderful progress in her strides toward prosperity. San Francisco extended her arm of steel to this embryo 
metropolis of the valley, while Los Angeles clasped her from the South; linked by rails of steel, these three fair specimens 
stand behind the footlights of the world, true representative cities of the grandest country in the land. Since 1880 Fresno's 
population has increased from 1,200 to 13,000, and splendid metropolitan structures have been erected. Block after block 
of solid brick buildings have taken the place of the primitive frame stores, and broad macadamized streets reach out in every 
direction, terminating into beautiful drives, bordered by palms, locust and poplar trees, reaching to many magnificent sub- 
urban homes, farms and vineyards, which so completely engird her. Elegant hotels, perfect models of architectural beauty, 
accommodate her traveling public. A handsome opera house, a perfect gem of loveliness within and without, furnishes a 
round of pleasureable surprises, and a display of the best theatrical talent afloat. Massive stone and brick structures con- 
stitute her houses of learning, with a High School building that cannot be excelled in point of beauty and solidity in any city 
in the State. Fifteen is the number of her church buildings, some of which are handsome structures. Electric and gas 
lh'hts twinkle and shine all over the city. Street cars run to all points of interest within the limits, to Fair Grounds and 
Pavilion and colonies. A magnificent Court House, costing $240,000, occupies the center of four blocks in the heart of the 
city, surrounded by a park of wonderous beauty, comprising flower bordered walks, broad shady lawns, with easy seats and 
spraying fountains. In Chateau Fresno or Kearny avenue, which is over ten miles long, bordered by palms and other orna- 
mental trees in three sections, she possesses a boulevard of remarkable beauty that in time will rival the famous Magnolia 
avenue of Riverside. Palatial homes with flower-embowered verandas, and surrounded by spacious shady grounds and vel- 
vetv lawns, form the resident portion. Her mills and packing houses give employment to many; her water works' tower is 
the" most attractive and magnificent on the Pacific Coast, and furnishes the city with an inexhaustible supply of pure water. 
With these and numerous other attractions she stands before you, our Fresno of to-day, encompassed by beautiful thriving 
little cities of the county, and many points of interest and pleasure to the tourist and sightseer, offering the largest field for 
speculation, and the greatest inducements to prospectors and homeseekers of any section of the State, 

32 




FISK BLOCK. 
POST OFFICE. 



HUGHES HOTEL. 

FRESNO LOAN AND SAVINGS BANK. 



Resorts Few counties in the State have more beautiful mountain scenery than Fresno. The entire Eastern portion of the 

county is one vast pleasure resort and scenic view. In the Middle Fork of Kings River is Tehipite Valley, a canyon 

three mil. - - one in width, with perpendicular walls 6,000 feet high. This fork of the Kings River winds along at the 

m, and on looking over the edge of the chasm down into that awful canyon below (over a vertical mile) it appears like a 

silver thread, when in reality it is a seething, roaring river, over 100 feet wide. In this valley is Tehipite Dome, a solid granite 

which rises to an elevation of 6,000 feet. Within one-quarter of a mile of this Dome is one of the grandest falls 

>f the Sierra, which from the spraying of the waters is called Silver Spray Falls. The water descends in three sections, falling 

second poo. and last 800 feet. This last fall is the one represented in the engraving. It separates into misty spray 

iching the bottom, and it is impossible for one to get nearer the falls than 300 feet. There are remarkable falls within 

- .myon. one oi the most beautiful being Sunshine Falls, in the Middle Fork of Kings River, and falling 800 feet, while other 

falls break the deathlike stillness, cantillating eternally a symphony of rippling sounds, while roaring cataracts add to the weird 

f the -cene, which makes you marvel at the workings of nature and from whence it all came. The sublime magnifi- 

this valley almost strikes one dumb with awe and admiration. Novilla del Nieve (bride of the snows) is a lake, 11,500 

is the source of the North Fork of Kings River, and during high-water periods tributary to the San Joaquin River. 

This^lake is oval in shape, of about three-fourths of a mile wide by one in length, and a basin in solid granite rock with no vege- 

1 or animal life to cherish its silent abode. On the South Fork of Kings River is Paradise Valley, a canyon ten miles long 

y three-quarters of a mile wide. This valley is said to rival and even surpass Yosemite in altitude of surrounding cliffs. There 

are solid rock walls from 7,500 to S.ooo feet high; deep yawning chasms and subterranean passages leading into caves of many 

and spacious chambers, the ceilings of which are encrusted with stalactites which gleam and sparkle in candle light with 

wondrous beauty. Muir and Grand Sentinel Dome are solid granite masses 3,000 feet high, overhanging the valley and perfectly 

terribx- in their grandeur. The "White Woman" is a formation of granite 5,000 feet high and three miles in length and inde- 

ble in its magnificence. Many are the cliffs, waterfalls, caves, and other wonderful formations of nature in Paradise Valley 

which are massed in curious array. Of the stupendous sublimity of this scenery it is impossible to convey an adequate idea. It 

exceeds the enchanted loveliness of the Isles of Monte Christo or the fabled subterranean palaces of Washington Irving. Mt. 

Goddard, at the head of the San Joaquin River, has an elevation of 14,800 feet, and is the second highest mountain in the United 

Dollins Meadow is an elevated plain of 858 feet elevation, and is three-quarters by one mile in width, and in winter is 

:overed with snow from 30 to 40 feet in depth. In Lost Valley, at the head of the San Joaquin River, are Hot Springs 

which boil up many feet through a cone cement formation. This valley is also grand in its imposing scenery, and is about two 

miles long by three-quarter mile in width. Many mineral springs, both hot and cold, are found in this county, and the Rogers 

Hot Springs are possessed of wonderful remedial properties, highly recommended for rheumatism, neuralgic and scrofulous 

complaints. There are mam- large groves of "Sequoia Gigantea" or California " Big Trees" in this county, the trees of which 

equal any of the largest in the State, there being many specimens 35 feet in diameter and 400 feet in height. There is an 

immense grove partly in this county and partly in Tulare county which was recently set aside by Congress as a National Park, 

called General Grant Park, General Grant being the name of the largest sequoia in the grove. The trees range from 250 to 350 

:: height, and average from 17 to 27 feet in diameter. 

Sports There is much to allure the sportsman. The mountains have many lakes 11,000 to 12,000 feet high upon their 

surface. The mountain streams abound with beautiful trout, while the streams in the valley afford a great variety of 

tempting beauties which would gladden the heart of any angler. Quail are to be found in the meadows in abundance and a 

31 




1 TEHIPITE DOME. 



2 SUNSHINE FALLS. 



3 MT. GODDARD 



6 LAKE NOVILLA DEL, NIEVE Bride of the Snows). 



4 FISHING IN KINGS RIVER. 5 SILVER. SPRAY FALLS. 

7 COLLINS MEADOW. 



different variety of these birds frequent the mountains, while grizzly and brown bears, mountain lion and wild cats still stalk the 
fastness oi the Sierras. In winter fine sport may be had shooting ducks, as they abound in great plenty on the lakes and sloughs. 

Health and We are told that hygiene is the art of preserving health. In other words, it aims at rendering growth more 
Climate perfect, decay less rapid, life more vigorous, death more remote. To accomplish these ends hygiene must look 

to water, soil, air, climate, temperature, etc. And inversely if we desire to estimate the healthfulness of any 
given locality we must consider its hygienic condition or those different elements which constitute it. Climate is one of the most 
potent ot these factors. In the hot tropical countries of the earth the duration of life is shorter and the morbidity of mortality 
greater than they are among those living in a temperate clime. In the colder regions these extremes are again met with, and 
sease is more frequent, and deaths more numerous as the result. Thus within certain limits the dangers from hot and tropical 
climates are equal to those resulting from cold and dampness. Humidity and warmth, together with the large quantities of decay- 
ing vegetable substances incident to the tropics, afford a favorable culture medium for the perpetuation and existence of disease 
germs, and the inhabitants are a ready pre}-. The association of pneumonia, bronchitis, rheumatism, asthma and concomitant 
diseases, with a bleak and wet climate, is too invariable to permit our doubting their reality as causes. Moist weather, be it hot 
or cold, is always found conducive to the spread of contagion. On the contrary, a warm, dry climate tends to check or lessen the 
spread or progress of morbid agents of every kind. Among the most conversant with its climatic and other natural advantages, 
the Pacific Coast, tempered by that great and mild current, the Kuro Sivo (Japan current), is considered the favored section in 
point of climate, healthfulness, productiveness, and all natural environments of this entire continent. And it is a growing con- 
viction that California is the most favored portion of this peculiarly favored region, the " garden of the world, " as aptly termed, 
while the San Joaquin Valley is the garden of California, and Fresno County the pearl of great price among this collection of 
gems. In a climate where one may live comfortably out of doors throughout the year, and where nearly every month is marked 
by its distinctive fruits and flowers, one looks for superb physical development, and does not look in vain. No pallid cheeks, thin 
chests and meager figures are to be seen among the natives of this valley. Man, like all living organism, is powerfully affected by 
the nature of his environment. Under certain circumstances the conditions of the latter are highly propitious, and lessen the 
struggle for existence; on the other hand, they may be antagonistic, and render life precarious and hard. That the former con- 
ditions exist here to a marked degree we contend without fear of contradiction, but that there may be no question we will intro- 
duce the following scientific data obtained from Captain J. R. Williams, the efficient United States signal service observer at this 
point, compiled from the reports of the last eight years, and being an average for that length of time. Science, you know, obtains 
and records facts without fear or favor, and this being scientific data is indisputable. The average mean temperature for eight 
years has been 63.4 degrees. The average maximum temperature for eight years has been 1 10.2 degrees. The average minimum 
temperature for eight years has been 25.5 degrees. The average humidity for eight years has been 57.5. The prevailing wind 
direction in this valley is northwest. The average hourly velocity of wind for eight years has been 5.6 miles. The average rain- 
fall for eight years has been 8.88 inches yearly. The average clear days are 226 in each year. The average partly cloudy days 
are 83 in each year. The average cloudy days are 56 in each year. On an average rain fell on 44 days in each year for the last 
eight. The average mean winter humidity is 76. The average mean summer humidity is 37. As will be seen by the above 
statistics we averaged 226 days of absolute sunshine etch year, with 83 more when the sun shone part of the day. This bright 
sun sets our plains glowing, rarefies the air, and sends it upward. This is moderated by the almost constantly prevailing winds 

36 




JNO. N. HIKES' RESIDENCE. 
M. R. MADARY'S RESIDENCE. 



WM. DAVISON'S RESIDENCE. 



HENRY WOLTER'S RESIDExNCE. 
A. B. SMITHS RESIDENCE. 



ist rushing in to till this tendency to a vacuum; and at the same time, while they temper the above mentioned heat, are 
themselves tempered of their ocean-breeze chilliness. In this way, by one of nature's laws, the air of the whole valley is changed 
and : . by the pure, untainted aid invigorating atmosphere of the ocean daily. With a temperature thus equalized, and an 

ere thus daily refreshed, the county possesses a climate eminently conducive to both the health and comfort of man. But 
. the sanitary effect ot the rapid desiccation and curing of the vegetable products during the dry season, for remember, the 
of the summer is 37 parts only, is most potent, as well as this daily atmospheric current, already referred to, which is 
inually sweeping away in their incipiency the miasmatic exhalations and pestilential fermentations, which would otherwise 
incubate and breed undisturbed over the rich bottoms. Epidemics are virtually unknown in this section, for while infectious and 
ses may be imported to this as to any other locality, no difficulty is encountered in restricting the same to the 
ses Brst developed, by isolation, and the most simple sanitary measures. Further, the mild and genial temperature tends 
- v the development of pulmonary affections, and all diseases of the respiratory system- And while we do not claim that the 
id who comes here with a developed case of consumption will or may be cured, yet we can promise that the life of this same 
:: en be prolonged, and made more comfortable, and better worth the living by this genial temperature, which permits of so 
much outdoor life with its life-giving essence of sunshine, and a dry, warm atmosphere. We do assert, however, without fear of 
contradiction, that those with these diseases in their incipiency, and individuals who are afflicted with a hereditary susceptibility, 
I -.ke up their residence here with almo-t perfect assurance that with ordinary care and attention to a due observance of the 
"health, may on the one hand recover, and on the other live to a ripe old age, without any manifestation of the hereditar} r 
:aiut. A careful compilation of the mortuary statistics for Fresno City for the last four years, at an estimated population of 13,000, 
- ken from the biennial • eports of the State Board of Health, shows that the whole number of deaths from all causes for this 
length of time has been 507. Of this number 88 died from consumption, and it is a fair assertion to say that 80 of these cases of 
lung dis ase were imported: that is, came here from a distance when beyond the hope of recovery. On the above total the aver- 
age monthly mortality would be about 14 Now subtracting imported cases of consumption, about two a month, and suicides and 
other external causes, such as accidents, about four more, and we have remaining eight persons as the average death rate of this 
city per month. The highest number of deaths during one month in four years has been 19, trom all causes, and duiing the 
montu of March, 1892, not a single death took place within the city. The record of the county will average even better than that 
the city-. The soil of a dbtrict of the extent of Fresno County necessarily varies, but in the settled and valley portion is mainly 
a rich sandy loam, and on account of this characteristic becomes subirrigated, and does not need the continued pouring on of 
water that brigated sections usually require, and, therefore, does not breed the same mismatic poisons that usually develop in a 
district under inigation As to the water supply, by sinking cased wells deep enough to go through and below all formations 
impregnated with organic matter, the purest of water, drawn from the perpetual snows of the Sierras is reached. It is said that a 
contented and happy mind is productive of good digestion. Such being the case, in a country where pure air and sweet water 
abound, where the geni.d climatic conditions are favorable to industrial pursuits above almost any other loj.dity ot like latitude, 
and where to-day thous nds of men enjoy incomes f om little plats of from ten to thirty acres, far larger than the farmer of the 
can realize from ten times the area, with thrice the amount of labor, it would almost seem unnecessary to say that good 
health would accompany these conditions. Of such is the City and County of Fresno. The foregoing article was furnished by 
E. C. Dunn, B Ph., M. D., member of the Fresno County Medical Society and the San Joaquin Valley Medical Society. 

38 




O J. WOODWARD, PRESIDENT; E. KENNEDY. VICE-FRISIDEKT AND F. A WALROND, CASHIER. 



Water The city is supplied with the purest well water, obtained from eight 8-inch wells, sunk to a depth of from 200 to 600 
Supply feet. Being all ca-ed in double iron casing it is impossible for surface water, which is always unhealthy, to seep in. 
The water is pumped into an immense steel tank 100 feet db^ve the ground, which has a capacity of 250,000 gallons. 
The pumps hive a capacity of 4,000,000 gallons daily, and the tower is the finest on the coast. Pipes are laid throughout the 
city, and an abundance of pure fresh water is used unspairingly; the daily consumption is about 2,000,000 gallons. The system, 
which covers the city and additions, cost over $300,000. 

A Home Fresno, with her suburbs and surrounding valley, is pre-eminently the most desirable section in Central California in 
Center which to establish a home. The establishment of moneyed enterprises, and the continuous influx of population verifies 
this fact beyond doubt. There can be no more pleasurable sight than the palm-bordered orchards and vineyards in 
full bloom, representing field after field of daintrel blossoms, a perfect mass of red, white and pink, emitting sweet perfumes, and 
forming a panorama of great beauty. There are many palatial city and suburban homes surrounded by ample grounds where 
nature and art, aided by wealth and intelligence, have created a beauty of ornamentation, which can no where else be surpassed. 
They are veritable sylvan paradises, where all varieties of fruits and many kinds of nuts grow to perfection, and streams of pure 
fresh water course in and out amon? a labyrinth of trees and flowers. To the profits and pleasures to be gleaned from such a home, 
add the conditions that insure a perfect climate, a high degree of healthfulness, beautiful scenery, and superior educational and 
religious facilities. A combination of art, music, literature, field and social pleasure, and all that tends to the promotion of intelli- 
gence and refinement, argument the blessings that Nature has bestowed so lavishly upon this section, affording rare opportunities 
for enjoyment, and the most desirable social and intellectual surroundings. The number of manufacturing, banking and com- 
mercial institutions, together with the largest vineyards and wineries in California, combine in making Fresno the most desirable 
home center in the State. 

Architecture Fresno, unlike many of her sister cities, is built mostly of brick. Previous to 1882, this was a city more in 
name than in reality, yet all the conditions were present to warrant the remarkable developments that have 
been achieved, and to-day solid brick structures mark the place where the primitive frame shanty once stood. A city has sprung 
upon the once apparantly barren plain, with that stateliness and symmetry of growth that betoken the future beauty and stability 
of Fresno. The buildings erected are of an ornate and solid character, and the capital expended in buildings within the last ten 
years will reach into the millions. The business portion of the town is a model of architectural beauty and solidity, the business 
blocks being all stone and brick. The public schools and colleges are handsome brick structures, and well arranged, as is the 
opera house, which is one of the handsomest buildings in the city, occupying a quarter of a block. There are three fine brick 
hotels, all gems of architectural beauty, and well appointed in all of their arrangements. The Hughes is the handsomest, the most 
artistic in design, and by far the finest hotel building in the interior of the State. The churches have been erected at a cost of 
man}- thousand dollars, and probably no city in the State compared to her size has as many church buildings. The character of 
the residences are those of a semi-tropic clime, all provided with cool flower-covered verandas atid galleries, and many of the 
houses are models in beauty and amplitude of convenience of construction, costing many thousands of dollars. The most unique 
and picturesque piece of architecture in the city is the water works' tower, which is circular in shape, and composed of stone and 
iron, and is the finest structure of its kind on the Pacific Coast. The Court House is a grand commanding edifice of Grecian and 
modern architecture, surrounded by a petite park of wonderous beauty, affording a delightful resting place in the heart of the city. 
The orders of architecture are varied, embracing Grecian, Gothic, Queen Ann and modern. 

40 




W. R. THOMAS' RESIDENCE. 
B. T. SCOTT'S RESIDENCE, 



W. W. EDEN'S RESIDENCE, 



0. J WOODWARD'S RESIDENCE. 
M« W. MULDER'S RESIDENCE, 



Sewerage The city has a splendid sewerage system. In 1890 an addition of $100,000 was expended for the main pipes, 

System making the whole system cost over $140,000. Laterels are run from the dwellings and business buildings, and the 

mains conduct the sewerage to a good distance outside of the city. They are flushed daily, and the laterals are 

flushed monthly. The most modern methods are followed, being as permanent and durable as possible, making the system as fine 

Liger cities. This important improvement affords immunity from all the evils that exist in improperly sewered cities. 

Post As an index to the rapid growth of Fresno, the business of her post-office affords a striking proof. The business of the 

Office office has increased with a steady ratio, indicating the growth of the city, and civil service rules and regulations are 

strictly adhered to. Mails are delivered in the residence portion of the city twice daily, and in the business portion 

more frequently. There are nine incoming and outgoing mails daily, 47 street letter boxes, 6 carriers and 2 sub-carriers. The 

lowing summary of the business of the office for the last quarter ending March 31, 1896, is furnished by Mr. W. L,. Hedrick, the 

- ut efficient postmaster: Amount of sales, $5,966.93; amount of money orders issued, $28,174.81; amount ofmoney orders paid, 

J2.65; remitted, $7,433; number of registered pieces 1,064. 

Gas and Early in the history of Fresno provision was made for lighting the city with gas, and in 1882 the first 

Electric I ights gas company was established. In 1889 came the successful introduction of electricity. Many of the 
business blocks and residences were furnished with incandescent lights, and the streets were lighted by 
arc lights. On May first of this } 7 ear (1896) was completed, and began operations, the second largest electric light and power plant 
in the State. 

Public One of the greatest privileges, and a source from which is reaped much pleasure and instructive knowledge, is 
Library Fresno's Free Library, which was established March, 1893. The library is supported by a city tax, and managed by 
a board of trustees. The main reading-room is nicely and comfortably furnished with easy chairs and tables, and 
supplied with all the latest periodicals, magazines, and most of the daily and weekly papers of the State. There are at present 
about 4.000 volumes, and new books are being added as fast as the available funds will allow. 

Churches The presence in every city of nice church buildings, and large religious bodies, speak forceably of the moral 
culture, intelligence and refinement of her people. Fresno could aptly be called the "City of Churches," there being 
sixteen different denominations, and many societies which are religious in their doctrine All of these have comfortable and 
some fine houses of worship, as the accompanying illustration will show. Following is a list of those having church buildings : 
The Methodist Episcopal Church has 325 members, Rev. D. H. Gillan, pastor; Presbyterian Church has 250 members. Rev. S. 
D. Seward, pastor: First Baptist Church has 375 members, Rev. J. S. Norvell, pastor; St. James Episcopal Church has 306 
members. Rev. William Lucas, rector; First Congregational Church, Rev. H. E Banham, pastor; St. John's Catholic Church is 
in charge of Farther Andrew Garriga; German Lutheran Church, Rev. S. Hcernicke, pastor; Adventist Church has 200 members; 
Christian Church has 500 members, Rev. W. H. Martin, pastor; Bethel A. M. E. Church, Rev. W. R. Green, pastor; Cumberland 
terian Church, Rev. M. C. Johnson, pastor; Zion A. M. E. Church, Rev. W. A Warner, pastor; The Swedish Mission, 
Rev. P. A. Hultgreen, pastor; The Belmont Mission is under the pastorship of Rev. C. A. Munn; The Ethiopian Baptist, Rev. 
G. W. Gray, pastor. There is in connection to many ot the churches strong Christian Endeavorers, various Missionary Societies, 

42 




FIRST CONGREGATIONAL. 
METHODIST EPISCOPAL. 



GROUP OF OUR CHURCHES. 
PRESBYTERIAN. 



ST. JAMES EPISCOPAL. 
ADYENTIST. 



Young Men's Institute, Auxiliary Societies, and flourishing Sunday Schools, and all the aid to religious development. The 
- rs re men of ability and influence, to whose earnest efforts much is due for the present highly moral and religious condition 
or societies. 

Societies The fraternal orders are well represented in Fresno. The Odd Fellows have a Subordinate Lodge and Encampment, 

and a Lodge in the Rebeckah Degree, with a strong membership in each. The Masons have a large membership, 

there being a Ccmm; n dry of Knights Templar, a Chapter, a Ledge and an Order of the Eastern Star. The Knights of Pythias 

are prosperous and progressive, and have a large membership. There are growing Orders of the Ancient Older of United 

Workmen, Ancient Order of Foresters of An-erica, Wocdmen of the World, a Grand Army Post, the Native Sons, Hermann 

s, German Foresters, Knights of Honor, Independent Order Gcod Templars, Humane Society, Danish Societies, Yovng 

Men's Institute, and Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Local life is represented by the Athletic Club, which occupies 

handsome quarters at the corner of Tuolumne and I Streets, and has one of the finest gjmnasiums in the State ; the Cotillion 

and the Kindergarten Dancing Club. The National Guards of California have two cempanies, i. e.: F and C, with sixty- 

four members in each. The best musical, art and literary talent in this city is embraced in the Choral Leisure Hour, The Cniejy, 

The Thimble, and the Parlor Lecture Clubs, all of which have large memberships, and are in a flourishing condition. There is 

also an Equal Suffrage Societv, and a Woman's Temperance Union, a Fresno Park Band and Orchestra, and a Fresno Colored 

Baud. 

Newspapers The journalistic field is well filled in Fresno by the Fresno Morning Republican, Daily Evening Expositor, Fresno 
Watchman, Fresno Weekly Populist, Fresno Herald, and the Interior, The Morning Republican is the only 
morning daily, and was established in 1887. The Weekly Republican was established in 1876. Both of these papers are published 
by the Fresno Republican Publishing Company, J. W. Short editor and manager, and Wm. Glass business manager. It is the 
leading morning paper in the San Joaquin Valley, and both the weekly and daily have a wide circulation. It has at all times been 
ably conducted, and has been a faithful exponent of the conditions of life in this county. It receives the full news service of the 
Associated Press, and is a wide-awake daily issue. The Daily Evening Expositor, ever since it came into existence, has been the 
embodiment of thrift and energy, and no other single influence has exerted so beneficial an effect in bringing prosperity to the city 
and count}-. The Weekly Expositor is one of the leading weekly editions published in Central California, and enjoys an extensive 
circulation. The daily furnishes telegraphic news of the world, and all local interests are well represented; Jesse F. Church is 
manager. The Interior is a pictorial monthly magazine, and extensively descriptive of this county and Central California, setting 
forth the true conditions and advantages as they exist, and is very ably edited and compiled. It is a literary star of rare brilliancy, 
which made its appearance in the journalistic heavens September 1, 1895, and has since shone forth with increasing brightness. 
Its rays are destined to penetrate every recess of this continent, and light to the garden spot of the world all who may be seeking 
an earthly paradise. Messrs. T. S. Price, J. W. Shanklin and S. A. Miller, the proprietors, are able and experienced journalists. 
They are directly identified with the material interests of our people, and are prominent and active members of the Chamber of 
Commerce and the One Hundred Thousand Club. The Fresno Herald is a weekly German paper, published in the German 
language. It furnishes its readers with all local news, is well edited, and instructively compiled, and has a large circulation 
among its people. The Fresno Watchman is a wide-awake Democratic paper, recently established. It devotes its entire energies 
to the interests of the people of the county, and is a political organ of high principles, being carefully and soundly compiled and 
edited: Wm. J. Deter, proprietor and publisher. The Weekly Populist is another political sheet which makes itself felt and seen, 

44 




F.R. PRESIDENT; ALEX GOLDSTEIN, VICE-PRESIDENT AND JOHH REICHMAV, YSHIER . 



and keeps its many readers well posted on all political questions of the da}-; Gill & Company, proprietors and publishers. There 

are many live papers throughout the county, which zealously guard the interests of their respective localities. The Sehna Irri- 

is the only daily outside of Fresno in the county. It is issued every evening, and also publishes a weekly edition. It is a 

enterprising paper, and keeps its readers posted on foreign and local news. The Sehna Enterprise is a weekly, devoted to 

terests of the county and surrounding country. There is the Reedly Exponent, the Sanger Herald, the Fowler Ensign and the 

se, all weeklies, and working for the advancement and general good of the country. They are ably and reliably 

ted, and reflect much credit to the county. 

City Public The city is provided with four handsome Ward buildings, and an elegant High School. The I Street School is a 
Schools two-story brick of eight large class-rooms, and was erected in 1889, at a cost of $16,000. The K Street School is a fine 

brick building, two and one-half stories, has eight class-rooms, an assembly hall with gallery, and was erected in 
at a cost of nearly $19,000. Central School, the oldest school building in the city, is a two-story frame building of eight 
ciass-rooms, is situated on the corner of O and Fresno streets, and was erected in 1878, at a cost of $10,000. Park Avenue School 
is a substantial two-story brick, provided with all of the modern approved plans of school buildings, has eight class-rooms, was 
erected in 1S94, and cost $12,000, including heating plant. No city in the State can boast of a High School more beautiful in 
architectural appearances, or more convenient in all of its appointments than Fresno High School; size on the interior is 151x114 
feet. It has two stories, with a basement 10 feet in height and an attic. This building is occupied by the seventh and eighth 
grades, as well as the High School. Ample provisions are made for drawing rooms, libraries, laboratories, gymnasium and work- 
shop for manual training; cost $60,000, and is a model of convenience, strength and beauty. The High and Ward Schools each 
have a principal and a corps of subordinate teachers. The monthly salary of the principal is $100. The teachers of the Ward 
schools are paid S75 per month, and the High School teachers receive $too per month. The principal of the High School also acts 
as city superintendent of the public schools, and is paid a salary of $1,800 per year. There are thirty-eight teachers in the schools 
of this district, including a special teacher of music. According to the report of the last census marshal, there were 1,758 children 
of school age in this district. There are now over 1,500 children in attendance daily. This large daily attendance shows the 
m in which our public free schools are held. Music and drawing are taught in all grades, literature, science and history are 
largely introduced below the High School. Elementary algebra is taught in the seventh and eighth grades, with arithmetic, and 
a year is given to concrete and demonstrative geometry in the eighth grade. With work thus organized, and teachers properly 
fitted to their places, pupils now accomplish with the same effort about 50 per cent, more work than formerly. Regular promo- 
tions are semi-annual, but pupils may be advanced at any time when they show ability to do the work of a higher grade. The 
High School employs six teachers including the principal. It offers two courses of study, either of which gives a good preparation 
for life, or lays foundation for higher study. Graduates, on recommendation of principal, are admitted without examination to 
Stanford or the State University. Laboratory work is done in the Sciences. Five classes have graduated, numbering in all 104. 
Of these many have entered college or Normal School, some are teaching, others hold important business positions. Total cost of 
maintaining the schools is about $35,800 per year; total cost of public school buildings, including High School, is $117,000. 

Educational The excellence of Fresno's public school system, the presence of the Academy of the Sacred Heart, the Fresno 
Business College, and various private schools, afford ample opportunity for acquiring a liberal education. Great 
interest has been manifested in providing facilities for educating the youth of the city and valley, and this in return has been 
instrumental in attracting people of wealth and refinement, that their children might enjoy these advantages. No city in the State 
of her size has a better or more thorough free school system or handsomer buildings. 

46 




I STREET SCHOOL 
PARK AVENUE SCHOOL. 



CENTRAL SCHOOL. 



K STREET SCHOOL. 



Transportation The railway facilities of Fresno are excellent, and have aided materially in the marked development of this section. 

The main line of the Southern Pacific passes through the city, and branches of this road lead out in five directions 

fr >m Fresno. You can go to the west side by way of Collis, and thence to San Francisco; to Madera, and by that route reach 

the coast: northeast by the Pollaskey branch; south to Los Angeles, and southeast by the Porterville line. There are two new 

Is under course of construction, one from Fresno to Monterey, which when completed will place Fresno in communication 

with one of the finest harbors on the coast, passing through a country of unlimited capabilities, and greatly in need of a road to 

hasten the development of its natural resources. The San Francisco and San Joaquin Valley Railroad is the second, and is now 

g built, and pushing with all force to reach Fresno in July of the present year. Its permanent noithern terminal is San 

Francisco, and Bakersfield is the present proposed terminus on the south, though the objective connection is believed to be the 

Santa Fe. With the advent of the new Valley Road will begin a new era for this city and county. It will so reduce freight 

rates that our products will be sent to eastern markets so as to result in great profits to the producer, beside opening the principal 

agricultural, mineral and fruit belt in California. 

Manufactures While manufacturing has not been carried on to any great extent in Fresno, still there are numerous institutions 
that the conditions here have brought into existence. The extensive culture of fruits makes necessary various 
establishments for the cultivation and the caring of this product. There are fifteen large fruit packing houses, one large fruit 
canning factory; one large agricultural works, where many kinds of agricultural, horticultural and viticultural tools and imple- 
ments are manufactured; foundries, extensive flouring mills, planing mills, and notably one of the best-equipped steam cream- 
eries on the Pacific Coast, and numerous mining manufacturing industries, which would consume too much space to particularize. 
The future bids fair to see manufacturing industries largely increased in this city and county, owing to the natural facilities, the 
surrounding productive country, an unlimited supply of water, timber and electricity, and the advent of the San Francisco and 
San Joaquin Valley Railroad, which will open an avenue of cheap freight rates for our products to all parts of the State, ports to 
foreign countries and to the East. Fresno being the commercial distributing point for such a vast territory, Central California, 
which abounds in such rich products, offers the greatest inducements to the establishment of all kinds of additional manufac- 
turing industries of any city on the Pacific Coast. Fresno has, in connection with her many superior advantages, the second 
largest electric light and power plant in the State. This unlimited force illuminates the city, operates our factories, and will be 
im.de to propel our" street cars and heat our homes. 



m 




CHESTER ROWELL. PRESIDENT F. K PRESCOTT, VICE PRESIDENT AND A. V . LISENBY, CASHIER. 



Fresno Fresno County is in the geographical center of the State, and the heart of the San Joaquin Valley. It measures 
County 128 miles from East to West, and 35 to 70 miles from North to South, It comprises 8,000 square miles, or 
3,589,840 acres, of which '2, 244, 400 acres is tillable laud, and the remaining 1,345,440 acres pasture and mineral 
laud. The Mu e of History unfolds the record of the earliest settlers of this county, which dates back to 1851, when Coarse 
Gold Gulch became a prominent mining camp, and shows the establishment of the first store in this county here in the same 
year. Also, that in 1852, there was quite a settlement established at Upper Kings River, and that agriculture in this section really 
had its birth here among these sturdy primitive settlers of Fresno County. On April 19, 1856, Fresno County was organized, 
with the county seat at Millerton. It is bordered North by Merced and Mariposa, East by Mono and Inyo, South by Tulare, 
and West by Monterey and San Benito Counties. The Eastern portion of the county is formed by the Sierra Nevada 
Mountains, and reaches to the Coast Range on the West, a vast ellipse of rich farming and mining land. Debouching from 
grand regions of the Sierras are the sources of Fresno, San Joaquin and Kings Rivers, the waters of which are so readily 
utilized for irrigating purposes on the productive and fertile plains. Following the organization of the county, villages and 
towus spruug up with great rapidity, from the profitable industries, made possible to establish by the unlimited supply of 
water led to the valley from Nature's endless supply in the Sierras. There are numerous forests m the Eastern and South- 
- rn portions of the county, containing the largest groves of Sequoia " Gigantea" or "Rig Trees" in the State, some 
>i t-L-imeus of which are among the largest in California. There are many other varieties of trees in the foothills and 
mountains, the Western slope of the Sierras being covered with immeuse forests of lumber-yielding timber, embracing Red 
ami White Fir, Sugar Pine, Yellow or Pitch PiDe, Digger or Bull Pine, Mountain Pine, Black Pine or Tamarack, Califoruia 
White Cedar and Spruce, while the Oaks extend far up on the lower foothills along the valley. Throughout the valley has 
been planted groves of Poplars, Eucalyptus, and many other varieties of shade and ornamental trees which, when water is 
applied, attain a wonderfully rapid growth in size and height. Overshadowing all are the bold hoary mountains, rearing 
their heads of eternal snow, a chatoyant maze of mystic heights, "Whence many a bursting stream auriferous plays," forming 
a background u! wonderful grandeur, and according Fresno County some of the most delightful scenery in America. In 
1^72 tlie first railroad reached the county, locating a station at the present site of Fresno City. Two years later the county 
seat was moved from Millerton to Fresno, thereby laying the foundation for the present Metropolis of the great San Joaquin 
"\ alley. During the infant years, and previous to the colonization of the county, in 1875, most of the land was acquired, and 
held in vast tracts by capitalists, who used it for grazing purposes during the winter months. But with the advent of the 
colony system, so prevalent in this county, the pastures were transformed into productive grain fields, orchards and vine- 
yards, and to this system is iargely due the success of Fresno, they having greatly stimulated the fruit and agricultural 
production?, and wonderfully increased the number of farms. The first established was the California Colony, in 1875, by 
Bernard Marks. Tue plans devised by him and adopted by the succeeding colonists were as follows: He bought twenty- 
one square miles of laud, and in the center of this large tract, he selected six square miles; this he divided into 192 twenty- 
acre farms, each one-eighth of a mile wide, and a quarter of a mile long. Twenty-three miles of avenues were laid out, 
bordered by eucalyptus, poplars and other varieties of trees, which now give such welcome shade, and make the farms and 
vineyards have such an attractive appearance. Irrigating canals were extended through this land in three capacious branches, 
affording an abundant supply of water. Prominently among the colonies, which have done so much for the advancement and 

50 



prosperity of the city and county, is that founded by Thomas E. Hughes aud sous in 1880. This colony immediately joins 
the cityjon the South and embraces 2,880 aces, which was sold to enterprising colonists. With the establishment of these 
colonies throughout the country, was the advent of the agricultural and horticultural era of Fresno County. There are many 
existing at the present in a successful and prosperous condition, yearly attracting more attention, and showing what wonderful 
results may be expected in the way of fruit-raising in this fertile section. Wonderful have been the developments of this 
county within the last fifteen years, and from her productive soil and unequaled water facilities has sprung her present 
wealth and prosperous condition. To-day she numbers her orchards and vineyards by the thousands, and all through her 
land run copious streams of water. Palatial mansions mark her country homes, surrounded by magnificent grounds, covered 
with trees of great beauty aud dense foliage, and shady winding walks and drives skirted by beautiful shrubbery and flowers. 
The vineyards, which are the largest in the world, are perfect models of ideal semi-tropical homes, and present a picturesque 
appearance. Here nature, aided by art and intelligence, has created out of pasture lands and barren plains a paradise of 
marvelous productions attaining ideal perfection in her wines, fruits, grains, minerals and timbers, and as the Garden Spot 
of Central California, and the Spain of America, we present the Fresno County of to-day. 

Soil The soil in Fresno County is as diversified as its topography and products have been shown to be. In the valley 
lands the soil consists of a rich sandy alluvium, gray ash, and red chocolate loam. A large area is composed of a 
rich clayey sedimentary soil, with water from five to fifteen feet below the surface, while in that part of the valley adjacent 
to the foothills, South of the San Joaquin River, and extending as far down as Fresno City, is a strata of red-clay land, mixed 
with white quartz, very much like the Malaga grape lands of Spain. Here and there through the valley are found streaks of 
laud tinged with white alkali, which is very productive when reclaimed, but otherwise not very good for agricultural purposes, 
though there are a few crops which do better in soil containing some alkali. Among these are beets, asparagus and pears. 
On the mesas, or plains, there is much soil composed of debris washed from the mountains, mixed with vegetable accumula- 
tions. This makes an excellent fruit soil. Near the foothills on the East is a strata of black soil, called adobe, and largely 
composed of decayed vegetable matter. It is well adapted to grain and some varieties of fruit. All of these soils are very 
rich, and especially adapted to irrigation, and by thorough cultivation the water will remain near the surface all the year 
round. It produces every variety of fruit and vegetation in great luxuriance. The foothills, or thermal belt, is the true 
home of citrus aud semi-tropical fruits. This belt is in a stratum of warm air in the hills a few hundred feet above the level 
of the valleys, and is exempt from frosts and heavy freezes, the most delicate flowers and shrubs thrive the year round, 
making this the most desirable citrus fruit belt in the State. The soil in this section is of great depth, and admirably 
adapted to the culture of fruits, especially to the growing of semi-tropical fruits and nuts, such as Oranges, Lemons, Limes, 
Pomellos, Prunes, Pomegranates, Almonds, English Walnuts, etc., which grow well, and yield a certain and bountiful crop 
of as fine a size and flavor as any in the State. Beyond are the mountains, much of which are used for pasture lands aud 
bee rauches, while in the small mountain valleys the land is admirably adapted to the culture of fruits, especially to the 
growth of apples and cherries, which thrive and yield abundantly. 

5i 



Fresno's As irrigation to the soil is life aud health to the products, even so are the banking institutions the sustenance of corn- 
Banks mercial life in every city. They indicate the depression or bouyancy of a place and keep alive the commercial body 
which would otherwise become inanimate and dead. There is a continual current of cash flowing from the banks 
igh all of the arteries of trade, which is the sustenance and support of commerce, just as the blood from the heart constitutes 
the vitality of the human frame. Therefore, the presence of substantial, solid banks in a city is an indication of a powerful pulsa- 
tion, plenty of cash permeating the entire commercial system, and a healthy condition of every branch of business. Judging from 
the presence within her confines of five banking institutions, Fresno's commercial life and interests are well succored, and the 
circulation of capital through her arteries of trade, attest the highest degree of financial healthfulness. These banks have 
always been allied to the progress and prosperity of our city, and their policy has ever been to promote as far as consistent with 
their own and their patrons' safety, the general well-being and rapid advancement of our various industries, and no city of her 
size on the Pacific Coast is so well provided in this direction, as will be seen by the presence of the First National Bank, with O. 
J. Woodward, President: E. Kennedy, Vice-President; and E. A. Walrond, Cashier, and whose official statement to the Comptroller 
of Currency shows as follows: Resources, loans, $489,268.43; banking house furniture and fixtures, $44,085.16; United States and 
other stocks and bonds. S77.043.93; other real estate, $40,367.22; redemption fund, $1,125.00, and cash on hand and in banks, 
$2 83, 546.45. Total resources, $935,436. 19., Liabilities: Capital stock, $100,000.00; surplus and undivided profits, $158,734.07; 
circulation, $18,750.00; deposits, bank and individual, $657,952.12. Total liabilities, $935,436. 19. The Farmers' Bank of Fresno, 
with A. Kutner, President; Alex. Goldstein, Vice-President; John Reichman, Cashier, and whose official statement shows the 
condition of the bank to be as follows: Resources, loans and discounts, $333,353.39; bank premises, furniture and fixtures, 
% - 240.00: real estate, $54,390.09; due from banks $14,967.08, and cash in vault, $^4,674.85. Total resources, $525,625.41. 
Liabilities are: Capital stock, $200,000.00; undivided profits, $29,134.43; individual deposits, $286,693.77, and bank deposits 
59.797. 21. or total liabilities $525,625.41. The Peoples' Savings Bank of Fresno, with Dr. Chester Rowell, President; E. K. 
Preseott. Vice-President: A. V. Lisenby, Cashier, and whose official statement shows the condition of the bank to be as follows: 
Resources, real estate taken for debt, $3,859.55; loans on real estate, $134,270.81; cash on hand, $7,578.60; due from banks and 
bankers. 523,932.99; furniture and fixtures, $1,367.86; expenses, taxes and other assets, $1,190.95. Total resources, $172,200.76. 
Liabilities and capital paid in, $20,000.00; due depositors, $149,618.19; interest, $2,407.07; rents, etc., $175.50, or total liabilities 
Si72.200.76. The Bank of Central California, with Louis Einstein, President; William Helm, Vice-President and Leopold Gun- 
delfinger Cashier, and whose official statement shows the condition of the bank to be as follows: Resources, real estate, $64,438.01; 
stocks, bonds and warrants, $16,477.26; loans and discounts, $200,919.56; cash on hand, $60,563.84; due from banks and bank- 
ers. $104,260. 31: furniture, fixtures, etc., $1,243.60; expenses, taxes, etc., $13,494.29; and other assets, $1,155.58. Total resources, 
S462.525.45. Liabilities: Capital paid up, $210,000.00; due depositors, $228,563.52; and profit and loss account, $23,988.93. 
Total liabilities, $462,552.45. The Fresno National Bank official statement, showing: Resources, loans and discounts, $344,082.72; 
overdrafts, 83,775.32: United States bonds, $50,000.00; stocks, securities, etc., $6,913.65; furniture and fixtures, $35,000.00; 
real estate and mortgages, $45,071.05; due from banks and bankers, $34,054.34; due from approved reserve agents, $4,060.71; 
checks and other cash items, $5,619.46; exchanges for clearing house, $556.95; lawful money reserved in bank, etc., $79,100.19. 
Total resources, 5610,584.93. Liabilities: Capital stock paid in, $200,000.00; surplus fund, $8,500.00; undivided profits, less 
expenses and taxes paid, $7,873.84; National bank notes outstanding, $45,000.00; individual deposits subject to check, $157,833.29; 
demand certificates of deposit, $191,377.26. Total, $610,584.39. 

52 




3>< 

ilSI 



J. Woodward. 

Kennedy. 
E. Walrond. 



A. Kutner. 
Alex Goldstein. 
John Reichman. 



John" McMullin. 
John D. Gray. 
C. Allison Telfer. 



Louis Einstein. 

Wm. Helm. 

Leopold Gundlefinger. 



Dr. Chester jRowell. 
F. K. Prescott.jdHAHOiflj 
A. V._Lisenby. 5 j,^. 



County Free The following' will show the thorough efficient 
Schools work ot the Board of Education in conducting 

and making this one of the finest public school 
- stems in the State. New schools are established where there 
is a need for them, and the most diligent efforts are being made 
on their part to place schools 
within the reach of all children 
in the county. Total number 
of schools in the county, 187; of 
these three are High Schools, 
sixty-eight Grammar Schools, 
and one hundred and fourteen 
Primary Schools. Whole num- 
ber of teachers employed, 193; 
of these 57 are men and 136 
women. Average wages of 
teachers, per month S72.63. 
Number of pupils of school age 
in the county, 8,000; number 
of pupils enrolled, 7,000; av- 
erage number of school months 
taught per year, j l 2 : total 
disbursements per year (ex- 
clusive of buildings 1, 8140,000; 
value of school property of all 
description, 5300,000, distrib- 
uted as follows: school houses, 
grounds and furniture, $275,- 
000; libraries (15,000 vol- 
umes), $15,000; apparatus, 
$10,000; number of separate 
school buildings, 125. 




Books and Stationery 
Misses South and Fentem 



In his statistical work the writer 

called on this popular house for 

information in this publication. 

He found that these ladies established their business in our 

city ten years ago in a small way. While a casual glance will 



prove that they carry a large and well selected stock, a closer 
observation of same, and a knowledge of their standing among 
their main' patrons for the superiority of their goods, their fair 
dealing and their popular methods of doing business, convinces 
us beyond question that they are entitled to a leading position 

in their line. Starting, ten 
years ago, in a small way, they 
have, by their strict application 
to business, in their conserva- 
tive way continued to grow in 
volume of business and public 
favor until today they stand 
at the head, enjoying a trade 
of which few houses can boast. 
They carry a large and well 
selected stock of a high grade 
of stationery, fancy and plain, 
school books and school sup- 
plies, periodicals and literary 
books of every description, 
novelty goods and everything 
usually carried in a strictly 
first-class stationery house, and 
do a large retail and some 
wholesale business in the way 
of supplying schools through- 
out the city and county. These 
ladies are both shrewd business 
women, being well and favor- 
ably known throughout the 
county. Their place of busi- 
ness is 1909 Mariposa Street. 

Realty From the income producing cap. city alone, one 
would be convinced that the real estate located 
in Fresno County is gilt-edged. Yet it possesses a great 
value beyond this which arises from its favorable cli- 
matic conditions, for climate is as valuable as the fertile 



54 



soil itself. The existing conditions of this county truthfully portrayed in these pages, are convincing proof of the facts, 
that homes, orchards and vineyards here are more desirable than in other sections where crops are uncertain and weatln r 
disagreeable. Here the luxuries of the horticultural, viticultural and agricultural kingdoms are produced in wonderful profu- 
sion and in the highest state of perfection, which always command a high market price. It is a well known fact and stated elsewhere 
that the largest vineyards and some of the largest orchards in the world are in this county. While they cover considerable land, 
comprising some of the best in the county, there are thousands of acres of the same quality of land that has never been plowed 
which is strictly first class and as good in every particular, and can be bought at remarkable low figures. At the present time the 
market value of different kinds of property may be summarized as follows: Well improved land of the most productive soil at a 
convenient distance from Fresno can be bought from $100 to $200 an acre, the scale of prices running down to $75, $60, $50, $40 
and as low as $10 an acre for unimproved land. Land with fair improvements may be bought for $75 while ordinary agricultural 
land would not cost as much as $60 an acre, and lands cheaper than $50 may be had in abundance. All of these lands are irrigated 
and have water rights which can never be separated from the land, as it becomes a part of same when it has been located upon. 
Therefore, 110 process of law, or neglect of owner can deprive that land of its right to water whenever the owner wants it. No 
good land with water rights can be bought for less than $20 or $25 an acre. Unirrigated lands can be bought for $5. It is fertile 
land and when irrigated will equal the higher priced lands. The unimproved lands in the mountainous part of the county range 
in price from $2 per acre up, owing to its unimproved condition and location, though fine fruit land in the mountains can be had 
at $10 per acre, which, when planted to fruit, yield remarkable results, especially apples, an orchard often yielding a net profit of 
$300 to $400 per acre. Citrus fruit or orange land in the Thermal Belt varies in price as is elsewhere fully explained owing to its 
location and condition, whether smooth or rough land, prepared or unprepared for setting to fruit. Good land unleveled and un- 
prepared for setting may be had at from $30 to $60 per acre, and the prepared and level lauds ready for planting to fruit can be had 
at from $60 to $100 per acre. The improved citrus lands (planted to oranges, lemons, limes or pomelo) are yielding very satis- 
factory results, as has been explained, and it is seldom you find such a tract of land for sale, and when you do they are held at 
very high prices. The price of business property in Fresno, as in other cities is fixed by the income it produces, but a reasonable 
estimate fixes prices for the best business property at $450 to $500 per front foot exclusive of improvements, from this ranging 
down to very reasonable prices as in other commercial cities of the same importance. Resident property varies as in all cities of 
like climatic and commercial inducements, much of same being considered very reasonable in price. There are many beautiful addi- 
tions which offer great inducements in price and terms in view of their location to the business part of the city. The real estate 
brokers of Fresno do a safe and legitimate business and have proved themselves of benefit to both buyer and seller and the city at 
large. 

Irrigation For the benefit of those who claim that " something is wrong with the natural condition of things when land will 
not produce without irrigation," we may quite aptly cite the human system as an appropriate simile to illustrate the 
relationship existing between the soil and irrigation. The soil may be likened unto the body, the mountains whence the waters 
come, to the heart, and the water which continually flows through the canals and laterals to all parts of the valley, unto the blood 
that circulates through every artery at each pulsation. If the human body is unhealthy and suffering from a lack of blood, 
medical means are resorted to in producing more blood and a freer circulation. Nature has provided remedies to assist the organs 
of the human body in performing their duties, and likewise has she with the soil. When land is of a highly productive nrture, 
and weak only through the lack of a freer circulation of water through its arteries, Nature comes to the rescue, and through the 
instrumentality of human aid provides a remedy for the assistance of a vital organ in the performance of its important functions, 

55 



by causing the waters from the mountains to flow down in continual currents through the arteries into the valley, thereby 
- - aining the life of the soil just as the blood from the heart constitutes the vitality of the human frame. While in the valley, 
in winter, flowers are heralded into birth by the kissing ra} r s of the sun, the mountains are treated to a carnival of ice, and are 
wrapped in downy coats of snow, which in mam- places falls to a depth of 40 feet. This snow melting forms into immense 
lakes or natural reservoirs on the top of the mountains. The waters, finding an outlet through the boulders, reach the valley 
below, forming the head waters of two mighty streams, the San Joaquin and Kings Rivers, the waters of which are so readily 
utilized in forming the largest and most perfect irrigating system in the United States. The San Joaquin River, as has been 

I, has its source in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, in a canyon, and for 18 miles below this canyon the waters of the river 
are 200 feet below the level of the rolling plains. It is fed by the snows from the mountains, and besides has many tributaries; 
flows in a northwesterly direction through the San Joaquin Valley, and empties into San Francisco Bay. The Kings River is one 
of the most important and valuable rivers in the State. It flows in a southwesterly direction from the Sierras to Tulare Lake, 
and has a drainage area of 1,855 square miles in the Sierras and foothills. These rivers, like all large streams heading high 
up in the Sierra Mountains, has two high-water periods each year. The first occurs about December, after the rains have set in, and 
continues through January. The second begins the first of May, and continues until July. This is produced by the snow 

:ig in the mountains, and both rises occur at the time of year when the most water is needed for irrigating purposes. This 
county abounds in natural irrigating facilities and, contrary to the opinion of some, the soil from the fact of its being of a 
sedimentary character and underlined by a clayey formation, is naturally adapted to irrigation, and in many localities the soil 
obtains it^ moisture by means of subirrigation. The ample watersheds of the mountains insure constantly an endless supply of 
water, which by the means of canals is conveyed over most of the fertile plains, making the land which would otherwise produce 
but little, most highly productive and unequaled any place on the globe for a high class of products. There is in the county 
300 miles of main canals, 1,000 miles of branch canals, and 5,000 miles of distributing ditches, and the farmer can, at his own 
option, flood his grain fields or turn on the water in little streamlets through his orchard or vineyard, thereby insuring an 
unfailing crop. Pure well-water is found at a depth of 60 feet, and the average rainfall is 8 inches. 

Mineral It seems that in Fresno Count}', Nature has exhausted her store of rich gifts in her endowment of this favored spot, 
W ealth not only in wonderfully productive soil, valuable timber resources, and inexhaustible supply of water, but with untold 
wealth in minerals, which abound so profusely within her mountain regions. Coursing through the Sierra Nevadas 
are rich beds of ore, yielding precious and useful metals, and only awaiting the co-operative influence of capital and labor to 
rroduce startling and wonderful results. In " '49 " when " gold " was the electric bolt which startled the world and jostled 
Califonr'a's commercial machinery into such sudden and violent motion, Fresno County had her magnetic gold field, too, and many 
mines of importance came into prominence then, giving a promise of great richness in ore. The mines in the mountains are rich in 
mineral deposits. Gold and silver bearing quartz and placer mining are both worked, but not extensively, as they have no easy 
transportation. The Fine Gold District composes a cluster of mines; one is called Coarse Gold Mine, the Lottie K., and the 
Sarah Althea Terry and the Fine Gold Cluster, all of which have been prospected, showing valuable deposits in ore, but none 
<>: them have been largely developed. The Henrietta Mine, in the Fine Gold Cluster, has developed great richness, the ore 
■ng S38 to the ton, but like all the mines located in the high Sierras has no near transportation, and its development has 
been retarded. Near the San Joaquin River are some very rich placer mines that have proved valuable to their owners, the oper- 
ators realizing from Si 5 to S20 per day daring the last six years. One of the richest and finest deposits of gold discovered in the 
county is the Huron Mine at Aubury Valley. It is located near transportation, and the quality of free milling ore varies from 

56 




Samuel Goldstein. 
B. T. Scott. 
E. G White. 



C. H. Reige. 
R. B. Parker. 
H. W. Skinner. 



Hector Biirness 
A. B. Smith. 
M. R. Madary. 



A. T.T. Warnekros. 

R. C. Dorsey 

R. M. Thompson. 



S. Evinger. 

John H. Markham. 

Augustine G. Eisen. 



$$6 P er ton - About eighty miles northeast of Fresno, near the Mono county line, are the Minarets, the most wonderful 
discovery that has ever been made, consisting of mountains of iron in the Sierras. This is the Kings Creek Mining District, and 
consists of forty mining locations, all of which are i,-co feet in length by 600 feet in width, and the ore contains iron (there 

g in sight sufficient quantity to build a double-track railroad around the globe), gold, silver, lead, copper, zinc, arsenic and 
other minerals, in practically inexhaustible quantities, and are undoubtedly the greatest mines in existei ce, and will eventually 

. of immense value when transportation can be obtained. Explorations for these mines were commenced in 1880 up to 
all oi which were located during this time. The largest portion of them were located by C. J. Beck, of Fresno, California, 
but the difficulties met with in reaching them have prevented any work in the way of development. There are some valuable 
copp< r mines in the Kings River Canyon which present a ledge four feet in thickness and ten feet in width, and the ore assays from 
fifteen to forty five per cent, of copper. There are numerous gold and silver mines in the Sierras which insure a grand future for 
Fresno. While the Coast Range cannot compare with the Sierras in point of mineral wealth, their mineral resources are not to 
be despised, for located in this range in this county, and just about seventy miles from the city of Fresno, is the celebrated New 
Idria Quicksilver Mines, which are among the most valuable in the world, while coal mines and the asphaltum and gypsum 
deposits a r e already partly developed, and are found to be of great extent and value. Petroleum, asbestos, and valuable stone 
are also found. At Coalingo the coal deposits produced equal in quality the best found in the State. Oil has been found in the 
region around Coalingo, and boring is going on in a systematic way. The result is surprising, the oil, both in quantity and 
quality, being superior to any thus far found in the State. There is under contemplation the establishment of a refinery on the 
ground, this meaning much to Fresno Count}', and elsewhere more fully explained. 

Towns of the We rnay quite aptly compare Fresno City to an enthroned queen as an appropriate simile to illustrate the position 
County of the towns of the county and the relation they bear to her. The colonies which form the suburbs of the city, 

and so completely surround it, may be likened unto her maids of honor, who shower their wealth of fruit, wine 
and flowers at her feet, forming a picture of imposing beauty grouped about her regal form, while the towns of the county which 
appejr like flowers upon the border of her gown, are likened unto her faithful subjects who, by contributing the wealth of their 
products, enrich and make perfect her kingdom. The prosperous colonies are as follows: Most of them are thickly settled com- 
munities, comprising many elegant homes, vinej r ards and orchards, West Park, Fruitvale, Walters, Fresno, National, Clovis, 
Salinger. Kutner, Nevada. Lone Star, Central, Caruthers, Garfield, Enterprise, Scandinavian, Wildflower, Washington, Temper- 
ance. Easton and Oleander. These comprise ten to forty acre lots, which ate in a high state of cultivation, producing wonderful 
results in fruit, and are divided by broad avenues lined with poplars and other trees, while wide irrigating canals are located at 
convenient intervals affording an inexhaustible supply of pure fresh water for stock and irrigating purposes. Among the towns 
of the county there are several that are large aud thriving, and the following are the most prominent: Sanger, Selma, Fowler, 
Reedley, Clovis. Kingsburg, Mendota and Pollaskey. Sanger is situated on the Porterville branch of the Southern Pacific at the 
terminus of the Kings River Lumber Company's Flume. It has 1,500, is in the great thermal belt and much attention is being 
.driven to the culture of citrus fruits. Selma is situated fifteen miles south of Fresno, on the line of the Southern Pacific and has 
2.000 population. It is quite a thriving place, has two newspapers, a large fruit packing house, a fine high school and many 
features of importance. The country around is very rich and productive and especially adapted to the culture of grapes and fruit. 
Re dley is situated in the wheat and grain center of the county and is located on the Porterville branch of the Southern Pacific. 
F<.wler is ten miles South of Fresno on railroad line, has a population of over 700 and is in a very productive section. Clovis is 
a town recently built at the terminus of the Fresno Flume and Irrigation Company's Flume. It is situated twelve miles north- 

58 



east of Fresno oh the Southern Pacific and is on the line of the New Valley road. It is in the center of a vastly rich fruit and 
grain producing section and has made rapid advancement. Planing mills, box factories and large flouring mills are now in full 
operation and the infant city is attracting wide-spread attention. Kiugsburg is situated not far from Kings River on the line of 
the railroad. It is an important shipping point for various kinds of products, and has a population of over 300. Pollaskey is a 
little town on the San Joaquin River, at the terminus of the Pollaskey railroad. It has 200 population, and nestles near the foot- 
hi Is, close to the renowned pleasure resorts of the county. Mendota is twenty-two miles West of Fresno, at the end of the 
Southern Pacific division on the Sunset route, and has 250 population. 

Oil Without doubt the most important petroleum field in the State has been discovered near Coalingo, this county, ten miles 
southwest of Fresno. The oil is said to be the finest discovered in the United States, and is 38 degrees gravity. A large 
syndicate has been formed for the purpose of developing the region, and have sunk several wells, some of which at the depth of 
540 feet have developed into 40-birrel wells. It is valuable for making gas, being a high distillate oil that will volatilize at 200 
degrees; they are selling their product at $250 a barrel. The construction of a refinery on the grounds is under contemplation, and 
a prospect for the near future. There are 1,280 acres in the field, which has been leased by the syndicate, but the owners of all 
the adjoining sections are also sinking wells, and boring is going on in a systematic way, with comparative results, and it seems 
destined to be the oil field of California. 

Poultry The impression prevails in the East that California is no poultry country, and that tbev cannot be raised profitably here. 
While this may be true of some localities of the State, it is most certainly not applicable to Fresno County, as all kinds 
of fowls thrive as abundantly here as in the famous poultry-producing sections of the East, and the markets are always supplied 
with home-produced turkeys, chickens and eggs. The climate is so favorable, and the grain produced so plentiful that they require 
very little if any care, and are not subject to the diseases so common to the fowls of the East. 

The Olive The too prevailing delusion that Fresno, the grape-producing section of the State, is confined alone to the growth of 
this luscious fruit, is rapidly being dispelled. With such a diversity of soil, and by careful research and labor in 
ascertaining the qualities of same, it is possible, ;md has been demonstrated beyond cavil, that it is adapted to the growth of almost 
every known product, and is the Spain of America in more ways than one, being the natural home of the olive, and in the culture 
of which it is better adapted even than Spain, as the trees attain their growth much quicker, being at ten years old much larger 
here than they are there at forty years, and are free from the black scale and other pests and diseases so common to the tree in the 
olive-producing sections of the Old World. After careful experimental tests by our most thorough, scientific and successful fruit 
growers, it is now demonstrated beyond question that owing to the peculiar climatic conditions which exist here the pest to 
which the olive tree is subject do not exist, and even the trees imported here already effected with black scale or other pests 
became perfectly healthy and free from disease. The olive trees here seem to do equally as well on the plains as in the foothills, 
and are said to be the cleanest and most thrifty grown in any section of the State, and the fruit ripens from three to four weeks 
earlier. This seems to be a feature due to the climatic conditions alore. There are many thousand acres in this county waiting 
development, at from $10 to $±o per acre in the valley or among the foothills. It is usual to plant from 80 to 108 trees to the 
acre, 100 trees being about the average. A conservative estimate shows that at the third year trees will produce an average of 
one gallon per tree, at the fourth year average two gallons, at the fifth year four gallons, at the sixth year eight gallons, and 
continue to increase up to the twelfth year at the rate of about 6o per cent. The price per gallon heretofore has averaged about 
70 to 80 cents. 

59 



^perry FlourCompany's An intelligent, prosperous and enterprising people will estimate the character of a city and county 
rresno Mills by her manufacturing institutions, as well as by the quality and quantity of the soil's productions — 

cereals, fruits, vegetables and minerals. We, therefore, take no small degree of pleasure in present- 
ing the Sperry Flour Company's Mills, the pride of tbe San Joaquin Valley, and one of Fresno's noteworthy industries, illus- 
trated ou the opposite page. The establishment of these mills in Fresno County created a home market, equal to any ou the 
I oast, for all of her products, in the way of wheat and grain. They are new, equipped and fitted with all of the latest 
improved machinery and processes known to the art of manufacturing a high grade of flour of all kinds; also, meal, grits and 
ed. They are run by electricity, supplied from the San Joaquin Electric Power Works, employ about twenty men, have a 
capacity of 400 barrels per diem, 146,000 barrels per annum; purchase all of their wheat and grain at Fresno, and distribute 
yearly, in the city and couuty alone, over one quarter of a million dollars. Having the best wheat section in California to 
draw from, with their unsurpassed facilities for manufacturing, their flour has gained distinction for its superiority, not only 
in a local way. but in foreign markets. They have an extensive trade in a local way, extending to Central and Southern 
California, Arizona and New Mexico, as well supply the Government Posts of those sections, and export to China. To give 
the reader an idea of the business capacity of these mills, we will add that they filled one order alone recently for 1,500,000 
•ounds of flour. Mr. Harry Sherwood, the manager, has been directly identified with the material interests of our county in 
ie production of wheat and flour for the past ten years, and is considered one of the best mill men in the State. He is one 
our prominent citizens, and a member of the Fresno Chamber of Commerce, and an ardent worker in the interest of all 
things for the advancement of the city and county. 

Hansen & Bang, Prominently identified with the growth of Fresno City and County, we find this firm deserving of 

General .lerchandise special mention in our work designed to furnish a fund of information to our local people, as well as 
to the great influx of emigration to this coast. This house was established in 1893, and by their 
straightforward and conservative methods of doing business have continued to grow in popularity and volume of business, 
until to-day we find they rank among our commercial houses with a trade of which, doubtless, many houses much more pre- 
tentious would be proud. They carry a well selected line of general merchandise, which is made up from the best produc- 
tions in each line, carrying nothing but a first-class line of goods. In their grocery department they enjoy a nice trade, 
extending to the city as well as to the county. In their hardware and farming implement line they enjoy a #ood trade, 
extending through this and adjoining counties. They are sole agents for the famous Wm. Deering & Company's Harvesters, 
Mo ers, Bakes, Plows and other farm machinery, upon which they are having a good trade, and which goods are known all 
over the Luited States for their superiority, all of said goods being warranted in every particular. They are also sole agents 
for the well-known Imperial and Princess Plows, which are manufactured especially for the soil in the various sections of the 
county . and which have given such general satisfaction, and proven to be the best plows made for this peculiar soil. These 
gentlemen are recognized with distinction for the superiority of their goods and their square dealings, among all our different 
nationality of people as well as their ow r n countrymen, and are deservedly popular; being among our leading business men 
they are extensively known, and enjoy the esteem and confidence of all who know and do business with them. Their business 
address is the northwest corner of Front and Kern streets. 

6o 




SPERRY FLOUR MILLS, FRESNO 



Lands of The accompanying illustration represents iu part the improvements upon the Fresno County lands, owned and 
H. Francis controlled by Mr. Harry Francis, of San Francisco. Mr. Francis is a financial agent, representing English capital, 
and an acknowledged authority in matters of land values and California securities. The interests represented 
by him are very closely identified with Fresno Connty. Aside from controlling large lauded interests he is a director in the 
corporation, owning the irrigation system that has made Fresno what it is to-day. The lands owned aud controlled by Mr. 
Francis lie in different directions from the city of Fresno, and embrace some of the choicest localities in the county. They 
present a very wide range of adaptability, and a great variety of conditions. There is probably no branch of horticulture or 
agriculture that may be carried on successfully in California but what will find soil aud conditions adapted to its needs at 
some point in Fresno County. The lands that we are describing possess all of the varied conditions of soil that can be 
found in the county, and an unfailing water supply. The land ranges from the strong, rich, chocolate loam through the 
lighter qualities of red sandy loam, which is so valuable for citrus and deciduous fruits and vines, to the light ash and light 
sandy loam, which is, perhaps, most valuable for pears, peaches, raisin vines, general farming and the production of garden 
track, hay, grain, alfalfa and other forage plants. Too much value cannot be placed upon these last named products. 
Alfalfa is proving a very profitable plant to the farmers of the San Joaquin Valley. Particularly is this a fact in connection 
with the raising of hogs, poultry and stock, iu addition to the sale of hay, of which alfalfa yields a large amount to the acre. 
That oranges can be successfully grown upon these lands is demonstrated by numerous examples to be seen everywhere 
about. The picture of an orange grove and blossoms, here given, is a fair average example, showing what may be accom- 
plished upon land that is adapted to citrus fruits in connection with good irrigation facilities. The grove from which this 
photograph was made is three years old. It presents a most vigorous growth and healthy appearance, and, perhaps, 
cannot be surpassed as an example promising early maturity and profit. It may be of interest to readers to know that 
late frosts that have injured the fruit trees at many points in the State did not visit the citrus and deciduous fruit lands that 
we are describing. In fact, frosts are practically unknown, which condition is a most advantageous one, and makes the 
planting of citrus trees a safe and profitable venture. They are shown iu the picture a peach orchard two years old, a two- 
year-old vineyard, both of which are fair examples of what may be done in these lines. There is also a picture of a model 
colony home, being a photograph of one of the homes upon the Fraucis Colony lands. The Herudon branch of the Fresno 
Canal and Irrigation Company's system is also shown, giving an idea of the very excellent irrigation facilities possessed by 
the lauds. The water for irrigation is supplied in abundance, and at exceedingly low rates. The above-described lands, 
comprising several thousand acres, are offered for sale by Mr. Francis, in subdivisions of five acres or more, to suit 
purchasers. The prices and terms are entirely consistent with the capabilities of the land. Any industrious person with a 
small capital, or any person who can meet a small monthly installment may here acquire a home and a competence. For 
further particulars call or address H. Francis, County Land Department, Rooms 69, 70 ana 71, Chronicle Building, San 
Francisco, Cal. 

62 




VINEYARD AT 2 YEARS OLD. 
PEACH ORCHARD! AT 2 VEARS OLD. 



HERNDON IRRIGATION CANAL. 



COLONY HOUSE. 
ORAKGE GROVE AT 3 YEARS OLD. 



The Grape Almost every known variety of the raisin, wine 
and table-grape have been imported into this 
D from their native-producing sections of the Old World, 
and it seems that each is a natural adapt of this soil, so boun- 
tiful do they produce and 
attain such wonder f u 1 
perfection. So many and 

varied are the kinds that V &^ 

it would be useless to 
mention each in partic- 
ular, but to give au idea 
of the yield we call at- 
tention to the accompany- 
ing illustration of the 
Thompson Seedless, 
taken fiom Dr. G. A. 
Hare's vineyard, at three 
years old. which gave an 
average yield of fifty-six 
pounds to the vine, hav- 
ing 500 vines to the acre, 
or 28.000 pounds of 
grapes to the acre. The 
Thompson Seedless is 
used for drying purposes 
for raisins, and exten- 
sively for table-grapes, 
and often bring four cents 
per pound for the latter 
purpose. When used for 
raisins they make a very 
superior quality, and 
have become famous from 
this particular section. The Sultanas are also seedless grapes, 
and very similar to the Thompson Seedless in point of size and 
productiveness, and are used extensively for raisin purposes, 
though the main raisin-grape is the Musqat, which is also the 




HARES VINEYARD, at third year, wh 



principal sweet wine and brandy grape. Her large acreage, 
great number of vineyards and yearly output of table-grapes, 
raisins and dried grapes, wine and brandy makes it conclusive 
that this is not only the grape-producing section of California, 

but one of the largest in 
1 the world. In this fa- 
vored locality the vines 
produce two crops per 
season. 

The Orange On the 

sixth page 
we show a photographic 
view of a model orange 
tree five years of age, as 
it now stands in the Berry 
& Wallace orchard, about 
two miles north of Cen- 
terville in^ this county. 
There are thousands of 
beautiful trees now grow- 
ing thriftily in that neigh- 
borhood, and many of 
them equal this one in 
symmetrical form and 
vigoious growth. The 
trees in this vicinity are 
absolutely free from dis- 
ease, smut, scale or [pest 
of any\iescriptton; water 
is abundant for irriga- 
tion, the soil and climate 

ch gave a yield of 56 pounds to the vine, at one year old, are almost une qualed , 

and absence of fog and wind also contribute much toward 
making this a perfect [citrus fruit section. The comparatively 
low prices of land also constitute a very strong argurrent in 
favor of this locality. — The Interior. 



64 



St. Augustine's This college has been established in our city two years, and in it we can boast of one of the grandest and most 
Academy noble of the many grand and noble educational institutions on the coast. It is under the direction of the 

Sisters of the Holy Cross, an order of teachers whose lives are devoted to educational work, and who are 
trained especially for their work, and whose Mother House, at Notre Dame, Indiana, has for the past forty years possessed the 
reputation of being one of the largest and best-equipped and most practical educational institutions on the American continent. 
It is a branch of the Mother House, like all the colleges of this order in the large cities throughout the country, whose work in 
establishing and building many of the greatest educational institutions of which we can boast, and whose labors have done so 
much to civilize and christianize the people of the world, have been characterized by all nations as pre-eminently the grandest 
system of teachings — of formulating and molding the character of the model Christian father and mother — the world has ever 
known. These kind and gentle Sisters teach by example more forcibly than by precept, always having the most perfect system 
of deportment, and-enjoy the highest esteem and love of their pupils. Every student intrusted to their care is taught that God 
is the ultimate end of creation; that He alone can satisfy the higher aspirations of the soul, and that the knowledge of the 
material universe, with all its manifold beauties and impenetrable mysteries is not the highest exercise of the intellect; that it is 
only when expanded, ennobled and spiritualized by the knowledge and practice of the sublime truth of faith that it is in harmony 
with the divine idea. To all is unfolded the truth that the beautiful which exercises so powerful a charm over the hearts of 
youth is the reflection of the true, realized in its perfection in Christianity, and that the material is sublime only in proportion as 
it is really or apparently related to the archetype of eternal beauty. The responsibilities implied in creation are taught to all, 
irrespective of religious belief; that the fulfillment of these duties will be recompensed with the divine munificence, their non- 
fulfillment will deserve punishment; that willful ignorance of these responsibilities is culpable, and may deprive the soul of 
eternal beatitude; that virtue is happiness, and the highest aim of art is to diffuse over the finite a tinge of the infinite. The 
aim of education and the sacredness of duty are constantly kept before the minds of the students, and carelessness in the fulfill- 
ment of the obligations of school life is not tolerated So thorough and popular are the methods of training and culture at this 
academy, as well as all of these colleges throughout the country, with all creeds, that the Protestant attendance is as large as the 
Catholic. They teach all branches in a thorough English education from the kindergarten department to the higher branches of 
science and art, vocal and instrumental music, elocution, commercial bookkeeping, etc. In all of its "departments it is presided 
over by the most competent and able teachers, and each being as complete throughout as though it were a special school for that 
department alone. In the Drawing and Painting department the same principles of instruction used in all of the high art 
schools of Europe form the basis by which the student is taught the very ABC principles of art from a practical standpoint, 
and grows up with the art as the pupil's capacity is enlarged. The paintings exhibited at the academy are works of the students, 
and do ample justice to their instructors, being fine specimens of art, showing remarkable accuracy in drawing, a delicacy and 
smoothness of work, and a perfect conception of mingling and shading. The Sisters of the Holy Cross are now preparing to 
build an extensive college in our city which will be a model after their large and well-equipped colleges in all the larger cities 
through the United States, and which will not only do credit to our fair city but.be one among the largest in the State, and 
decidedly the finest in the San Joaquin Valley. 

We regret very much our inability to include an illustration of this new building, but as the sisters had not decided 
definitely on their plans, we could not have the proper drawings made. 

65 



Fresno Business College 
and Normal School 

It is with a good deal of 
pride that we refer to this 
ed aoa tional institution, 
which is now one of the 
permanent and solid insti- 
tutions of the State. It 
is to-day in a flourishing 
condition, under the able 
management of Ramsay it 
Ramsay, who purchased it 
last April. This firm is 
especially well fitted to 
couduct such an enter- 
prise, being both experi- 
enced aud successful busi- 
ness men, as well as edu- 
cators. George S. Ram- 
say was graduated from 
the classical department, 
Oberlin College, Oberlin, 
Ohio, in 1883, and has 
received from it the de- 
•jr. es of B. A. and M. A. 
Immediately after grad- 
uating Professor Ramsay 
was elected principal of 
Kidder Institute, Kidder, 
Mo., which position he 
held successfully for five 
years, when he resigned 

to become principal of the Lis Vegas Academy, New Mexico. In 1892 Mr. Ramsay was elected principal of the Normal 
and Preparatory Departments of the University of New Mexico, in which position he was most successful. A few years later 
Mr. Ramsay became the principal of the Albuquerque Academy, resigning it that he might take charge of the Fresno 
Business College. It will thus be seen that Professor Ramsty is especially well fitted to build and make a permanent 
success of such an institution as this. William Ramsay, principal of the Shorthand and Typewriting Dapartments, has had 




66 



a very thorough preparation for his work. He is a graduate 
of Kidder Institute, and of the Shorthand Department of the 
Oberlin Business College, where he has also done several 
months of post-graduate work, and has had six years' experi- 
ence as bookkeeper for a large firm. Mr. Ramsay has already 
compiled a Shorthand Exercise Book, and has shown marked 
ability as a student and a teacher of stenography. In the 
nine months that Ramsay & Ramsay have owned the institu- 
tion the enrollment has increased from 11 to nearly 300, and 
te keep pace with this attendance eleven new teachers have 
been added to the 







faculty. Many val- 
uable equipments 
and improvements 
have been added, 
with library, and 
to-day Fresno Busi- 
ness College and 
Normal School of- 
fers educational ad- 
vantages equal to 
any, and superior 
to many of the 
schools on the coast. 
A brief outline of 
the work done at 
this institution 
might be desirable. 

The business rooms are under instructors who have not only 
the theoretic d knowledge on their subjects, but who have 
had practice and experience with the methods of the business 
world. The Actual Business Department, recently added, is 
especially important, as it makes its students thoroughly 
acquainted with the latest and best methods of transacting 
business. The Shorthand Department is in charge of com- 
petent teachers, and is equipped with staudard typewriting 
machines. Students will receive a thorough preparation of 
practical office work and reporting. The Normal Department 




hasbeenadded for the special purpose of fitting young people 
for teaching, and there is no reason why there cannot be a 
strong private Normal School here, that will compete most 
favorably with the State Normals. In this, private Normals 
at Ada and Lebanon, Ohio, aud Big Rapids, Mich., have 
trained hundreds of successful teachers, not only for the 
States mentioned, but for the whole Union, and the Fresno 
Normal will be run on the same plan as those mentioned. 
The Preparatory Department, where students, whose early 
advantages were deficient, and who need special attention, is 

meeting with much 

ft */■'* //'>"•■ - *■# r m~~ 








n 



yjj. 



PROF. GEO. 



PROF WM. KAMSAY 



success. The De- 
partment of Elocu- 
tion and Physical 
Culture, under the 
instruction of Mrs. 
B. P. Ockeuden, is 
fast becoming de- 
servedly popular. 
The work of this 
talented teacher is 
so favorably known 
in this vicinity that 
little need be said, 
for the people real- 
ize thnt the instrn- 
tion given by her is 
equal to any in the 
State. Department of Music, under the direction of Prof. 
Paul Fast, a musician of rare ability and experience, who is 
now in charge of a large and successful conservatory in the 
Eist, will open a Conservatory of Music this fall in connection 
with the College. It will be run on the same plan as the Eastern 
conservatories, and all branches of vocal and instrumental 
music will be taught by only first-class teachers, who are 
specialists in their work, and every effort will be mad^ to 
make the conservatory the leading one on the coast, and 
equal to those in the East. 



r/fry/ffSj, 




WfVfL 



PROF. THEO. MADSON 



6 7 



F. M. Roessler's This is a model Fresno County home and vineyard, illustrated on the opposite page,where experience, 

Estrella Blanca Vineyard capability and energy, coupled with the rich and fertile soil, yield the most profitable and satisfactory 
results. Here will be found the truest and safest illustration of a home and vineyard, such as can be 
made by converting to use the thousands of acres of land in this county now awaiting further development. 

Its soil is composed of a rich red sandy loam and is especially adapted to the growing of the raisin and sweet wine grapes, the 
i and flavor so necessary to a choice quality of port and sherry being fully retained, and all kinds of fruits and vegetables. 
This vineyard comprises 1S0 acres, of which ioo acres are planted to the wine grape, 40 acres to the Muscat and Sultana raisin grapes 
and 40 acres, including orchard and premises, to alfalfa hay. Embraced in the latter are figs, oranges, olives, peaches, apricots, 
Bartlett pears, palms and evergreens of man}- varieties, in the midst of which stands the residence, a commodious and well devised 
home built with an eye to comfort, with broad shady verandas, from which is presented one of the grandest and most picturesque 
views in the valley, the eyes resting upon Mt. Whitney and the snow-clad Sierras, while down in the valley below the vineyards 
and orchards mingle their shades of green, presenting a panorama of wonderous beauty. An important feature in connection 
with this vineyard is its winery. It is equipped with all the latest machinery and appliances for the successful prosecution of the 
industry ot manufacturing and producing a high quality of sweet wines and brandies with a capacity of about 50,000 gallons 
annually. As has been said before, this soil is especially adapted to the growing of a high class of wine and brandy grapes and 
his products have gained prestige for their superiority where they have been introduced, ar.d he enjoys an extensive trade in a local 
way among those who are select in their wines and brandies. Personally, Mr. Roessler is a congenial, pleasant and hospitable 
gentleman, and one of our respected and conservative citizens. He is a native of Germany and raised on his farther 's vineyard by 
the River Rhine, where he acquired his superior knowledge in vintage viticulture and wine making. After having made a tour 
of the world he visited California with the intention of establishing a vineyard, and, in searching lor the best location, his choice 
fell upon Fresno County, finding it the best adapted of any section, and the soil equal to the world-renowned wine producing 
vineyards of the Rhiue, settled here sixteen years ago and bought the site of his present vineyard, which was nothing but a bare 
tract of the most fertile soil. But being possessed of those admirable energetic and staying qualities, characteristic of the German 
gentleman, put his shoulder to the wheel and soon had all his land under cultivation and on a good paying basis, and to-day it is 
one of the best managed and most prosperous vineyards in the valley. 

The Boston riilliner, This is an enterprising house, and takes a leading position in this branch of commerce, always found 
1044 J Street abreast the times, with a first-class stock of goods and catering to a first-class trade. Mrs. H. M. Nutt, 

the proprietress, established this house five years ago and has conducted it on such conservative princi- 
ples of business and such popular methods, always carrying a first-class line of the lastest styles, that she has gained destinction as 
one of the leading milliners, and established a trade of which many larger and more pretentious houses would be proud. 

Having been engaged in this same line for many years in the East, which is the home of art and fashion, before locating with 
- -he was well prepared to enter her line as a competitor for a high-class trade. 

She immediately went into public favor and has always maintained a leading share of this patronage. Employing none but 
first-class trimmers and designers, and giving her personal attention to each department she has secured the best results and given 
perfect satisfaction. We find her house with a large stock of all the latest styles and fashions, and decidedly one of the prettiest 

- in the city. Personally, Mrs. Nutt is a lady of rare artistic ability, and stands high in a business and social way. 

68 




F. M. ROESSLER'S VINEYARD. 
RESIDENCE. 



INTERIOR OK WINKIIY, 



A. U. Warnekros. Bicycles For the bereft of our readers, we bring to their notice those of our leading commercial houses in 
and Sporting Goods each branch of trade, which not onlv do credit to this fair citv, but would be a credit to any city 

on this const. Nothing is truer than the fact that an intelligent, industrious and enterprising 

le will iudge the character of a city by her commercial house* as well as by the quality and quantity of her soil's productions. 

Frelnrinarv to further remarks, we wish to call attention to the photo -engraving on the opposite page, showing the residence and 

Is of Mr. Warnekros, which carries with it a certain degree of pride and industry, so necessary to a successful business 

career. This i* a lovely home just two and a half miles from the business center of the citv, where he is extensively and success- 

fullv engaged in agricultural and horticultural pursuit, crowing all kinds of grain, hay and nearly every variety of fruit. He 

Hshed his commercial house with us in 1885 and it has always been marked with a degree of distinction on account of the 

superior quality of goods handled by him in his A r arious departments, his low prices and conservative methods of doing business. 

t is the largest house in this line in the San Joaquin Valley, between San Francisco and Los Angeles — an emporium of variety. 

He carrie* the largest and best selected line of bicycles in the valley, among which are the famous Barnes, the White Flyer, Cleveland, 

rns and Tribune. The superiority of these goods as well as the low prices and reasonable terms are now attracting notable at- 
tention and mu^h deserved comment, both he and his employees in this department, being members of the L. A. W. (League of 
.Amercan Wheelmen), which is one of the largest organized clubs in America, gives them many advantages in the way of the latest 

s of wheels ?nd devices and general information in the science and art of cyclery. He carries also an extensive line of high 
grade gnus, ammunition, cutlers-, sporting and novelty goods, enioying an extensive local trade in a retail way as well as a whole- 
sale trade exten^ine through this and surrounding counties. The art of buying goods is the most important one in the various 
branches of trade and commerce, for it is notably true that all the shining lights in the commercial world are and were men well 
versed in this art. which can only be acquired bv years of experience and patient study. In this particular Mr. Warnekros, bears 
a special distinction of being one of our best and most sucessful merchants, which satisfactorily accounts for the fact of hissurpris- 
ing the trade with low prices for a superior qualitv of goods. Many high grade articles in this line being of foreign manufacture, 
he is compelled to import in laree contract quantities, which gives him advantaee in prices as well as in quality. He has been 
directlv interested in the material growth of our country, is one of our public spirited business men and an active member of the 
Fresno Chamber of Commerce and other working and social societies for the advancement of Fresno City and County. 

C. T. Cearley Fresno is new, youthful, energetic and cosmopolitan, and he who caters to its multitudinous and various wants 
must be of like character. A striking example of this is that five years ago C. T. Cearley, then about twenty- 
five years of age, came to Fresno and established a news agency. He is a native son of Alameda. Having been connected with 
an agency at San Jose, he came equipped with a clear knowledge of the trade. Notwithstanding the unusual scope of the 
demands made upon him by the reading public for this paper or that marazine from the East or Europe he met it whether it was a 
Fource of profit to him or not, and through his spirit of accommodation he secured the friendship as well as the patronage of the 
public until now he not only enjoys a lucrative business, but has, as a matter of fact, the largest news agency in California outside 
of San Francisco. In connection with his news agency, now located in the Fiske Block, at 11 ti J street, he carries a full line of 
stationery and supplies, foreign and domestic magazines, up to-date literature and current fiction. Also, he is the local agent of 
Blake. Moffitt & Towne of San Francisco, for printers' supplies, and is, as such, in great demand by the local craft. He is as 
eenial as he is prompt, energetic and accommodating, and has made his agency indispe isible to the citizens. He deserves the 
succes* which he has won, and his hold upon the patronage of the people is so firm that he may be considered one of Fresno's most 
deservable permanent fixtures. 

70 





^ fm 



INTERIOR OF STORE 
LAKE AT RESIDENCE. 



A U. WARNEKR03' PREMISE-;. 



2-YEAR-OLD PEACH ORCHARD. 
RESIDENCE. 



Anita Vineyard I.vin: ; to the northeast of Fresno City is the well-appointed and highly-productive property of the Pacific 
Agricultural and Colonization Company, known as the Anita Vineyard. This vineyard is in the heart of the 
aproved portion of Fresno County, and adjoins the well-known Barton, Eggers and Forsyth vineyards. The property 
>o acres, and is planted out to Muscat and Sultana grapes, has fine avenues of fig trees intersecting it, and also trees of 
- :ne variety planted round the boundary lines, also a rich alfalfa pasture which supplies hay and feed for all the stock the 
rand; the vines and fig trees are all in full bearing, and yield heavy crops annually. The soil is a rich heavy loam, easy to 
being in the sub-irrigated belt, requires no surface irrigation of any kind whatever. The property is laid out in a 
smatic and artistic manner, the buildings are substantial, commodious and well arranged, and the finest of any in the district- 
They are located in the center of four 40-acre blocks, with beau'iful graded avenues of fig trees leading in from the four sides of 
the vineyard. This magnificent property is always kept in a high state of cultivation, and is well known as one of the best and 
most productive in the county, with its delightful avenues and approaches, together with the charming surrounding neighbor" 
od, it is well worthy a visit at an}- time. The Pacific Agricultural and Colonization Company owns about 2,000 acres of vine- 
yard, orchard, alfalfa and farming lands in Fresno County, the various tracts being known as the Anita Vineyard, Victoria Colony, 
Ivira Colony and Alta Colonv; all are well located, and covered by the canals of the Fresno Canal and Irrigation Company. 
Messrs. Balfour, Guthrie & Co., of San Francisco, are the managers, and Mr. Hector Burness, who resides on the Anita Vine- 
yard, is superintendent of the company's various properties. 

V\ ell man. Peck & Co. The advantages possessed by Fresm as a commercial center and a distributing point, are well illustrated 

by the fact that five years ago the great wholesale grocery house of Wellman, Peck & Co., of San 

r rancisco. established here a branch house, from which to supply the retail grocery merchants throughout Central California. 

This is one of the best-known grocers' houses on the coast, and, not withstanding the sharp competition among wholesalers in 

his branch of trade, this house has held its place at the head of the procession, gradually gaining ground, until to-day it is an 

nportant factor in the commercial supremacy of this State. Valuing its reputation above aught else, and not willing to win a 

temporary triumph over competitors by questionable methods, it has never swerved from an honorable course. Fair dealings and 

iberality have characterized its career throughout, and by the experience and intimate knowledge of all the details of the 

--s on the part of its management, it has won its present proud position in the commercial world. The Fresno branch is to 

intents and purposes the same as the chief house in San Francisco, in the way of carrying an extensive stock of staple and 

y groceries, cigars and tobaccos, teas, and everything usually carried in a large wholesale grocery house. They occupy 

-ome and commodious quarters in the Hughes Building, 60x100 feet, and the basement of same. They have an extensive 

'rade through the city, county and Central California, extending south to Bakersfield. The Fresno house is in charge of Mr. A. 

- lith, who gives his personal attention to their many customers throughout the country, looking closely after the compan3''s 

interest. He is one of our most enterprising and public -spirited citizens, being a member of the One Hundred Thousand Club 

and the Chamber of Commerce, and an ardent worker in all enterprises for the advancement of Fresno County and Central 

California. 

72 




RESIDENCE AND VIEWS AT ANITA VINEYARD. 



Las Palmas Vineyard This beautiful vinej ard, situated about five miles northeast of Fresno City, is in the sub-irrigated belt 
of rich kind knowL as the Nevada Colony, and is surrounded by other highly improved properties, such 
as the Anita. Eggers. Forsyth and Logan vineyards. Las Palmas is widely known from the artistic manner in which it is laid out, 
and its avenues of beautiful palm trees leading from the east and west sides of the property, converging at the headquarters, 
where is situated one oi~ the neatest and most enchanting of country villas, nestling in the midst of a grove of tropical trees and shrubs 
• >f every variety, truly an ideal home. The barn, packing house and other outbuildings are large and well in kee^ ing with such a 
finely improved property. Las Palmas depot of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company is located on the east boundary line of 
the vineyard, and from this point the produce of the neighborhood is shipped. The property consists of 160 acres, and is planted 
out in raisin and wine grapes of choice varieties; also, a large orchard of Bartlett pears. The vines and trees are all in full bearing, 
and are very productive. Las Palmas is the property of the Balfour- Guthrie Investment Company of San Francisco, and is 
managed by Mr. Hect >r Burnes- of the Anita Vineyard. It is kept in beautiful order, and its artistic attractions are highly appre- 
ciated by residents and all visitors to the famous raisin center of California. 

Herbert & Brooks. Evidence that the people of Fresno appreciate the efforts of energetic business men is shown by the 

Books and Stationery popularity of this house. Founded four years ago, it has ever enjoyed the confidence of the 
community and a leading share of the patronage. It is at this well-known and popular place you 
can get anything in the line of stationer}', novels, books, all kinds of magazines, and San Francisco daily papers and the latest 
periodicals. A fine line of novelties, toys, cutlery, dolls and toilet goods are carried and a specialty is made of Eastman's toilet 
articles and fine stationery. This house is characterized for fair dealings, low prices, polite attentive service and superior quality 
of goods. This is in every particular an up-to-date stationery house, with all of the latest works of fiction, science works, etc. 
The proprietors, Messrs. Herbert & Brooks, are of our most estimable young business men, and possessed of rare business ability, 
impressing one at once with a belief in their sincerity and thorough reliability, and by their pleasant affable manner making it a 
pleasure to do business with them. These gentlemen stand high in a social and business way and have established an enviable 
reputation for their house, which is under their direction and personal supervision. They are ever interested in all matters for 
the advancement of Fresno, and there seems to be a wide field awaiting them in higher honors and greater distinction in their 
vocation. 

Fresno Bakery, The subject of this article forms an important factor in the trade of our city, and is a house which can be 
1 127 J Street commended to the patronage of the most economical buyers. It was established in 1888 by Mr. Weimar, and 
has become noted for the superior quality of the bakings which they turnout. Their bread isrecognizedtobe of the 
best in the city by their many customers, and their cakes and pastries are unsurpassed, the reason being that they are prepared 
with the most extraordinary care, and by the most skilled _nd scientific workmen. Mr. Weimar himself is a professional and 
experienced baker and employs only the best bakers in every department; therefore, the reason for the good standing of his house. 
The lunch department of his establishment deserves special mention. It is a model of neatness, and every thing served is of the 
best quality. He has been identified with our people for the past eleven years, and is well and favorable known, and as a citizen 
and business man stands high. Mrs. Weimar assists ber husband in giving their personal attention to the business, which insures 
more and closer attention; she is a pleasant and affable lady and knows how to make things pleasant for their many guests. 

74 




RESIDENCE AND VIEWS AT LAS PALM AS VINEYARD. 



Kutner-Goldstein Co. As a matter of pride, as well as a duty, in our work devoted extensively to the many inducements to the 
investment of capital, and the establishment of homes and industries in Fresno City and County, we 

te some space to the subject of this article, which is not only the largest commercial institution in the county, but of the San 
Jo iquin Valley. It is our pioneer house, having withstood the severe storms of commerce, marching on hand in hand with our 

[e, ever increasing: in volume of business and in popularity, until their name is synonymous with the onward progress of 
Fresno. It was established in 1S73 by the senior members of this firm, and since its interception has ever been our leading 
house. To give the reader an idea of the magnitude of this establishment we will say that it will be almost impossible to call for 
an article of merchandise not found in one of their various departments. To all intents and purposes it isjust the same as eleven 
great c< mmercial houses combined in one, covering an area of 146,925 square feet. The dry goods department, 25x140; fancy 
goods department, 25x140: clothing department, 25x140; boot and shoe department, 15x80; millinery department, 12x50; 
furniture and carpet department, 25x150; stationery department, 25x75; hardware department, 50x100; tinning and plumbing 
department. 50x100: grocery department, 30x100; grain and warehouse 60x400 square feet. They also have large department 
houses, similar to this home house, at Selma, Fowler and Hanford, which are conducted on the same plan, and controlled by the 
house here. They have their buyers in all of the great markets in the world, who get all the advantages which markets offer to 
buyers for cash, in car load lots, and large contract quantities, by which they are in position to profitably sell goods to their retail 
customers at prices even below, doubtless, the cost of such goods to small merchants. They have become noted for the superior 
quality of their goods and the low prices at which they sell. The officers of this corporation are: A. Kutner, President; S. Gold- 
stein. Vice President; Arthur Dinkelspiel, Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. Dinkelspiel gives his personal attention to the manage- 
ment of the business, which is a good and sufficient reason, in addition to their many superior advantages for the present 
popularity of the house. 

Golden Rule Drug Store, In discussing the relative merits of the various firms of Fresno, we present the popular, progressise 
1730 Mariposa Street house of the above named gentleman, which is a model in its line. This house was established in our 

city nine years ago, by Dr. Bassin, the proprietor, who has won for it the enviable reputation of being 
among the leading drug houses in Fresno. He carries in stock all the requisites of a first-class house, consisting of pure drugs, 
chemicals, perfumes, toilet articles, and a complete line of all proprietary remedies of acknowledged merit and standard reputa- 
tion, druggist's sundries and physician's supplies, as well as many efficacious remedies of his own manuf .cture, which have become 
very popular, and among- which we note especially French Fever and Ague Cure, and German Bitters. These medicines have 
been tried successfully for over thirty years in Europe and America, and have been found by the doctor to be the best remedy that 
has been discovered for malaria in anv of its forms, and a positive and speedy cure for chills, fever and malaria. At this drug 
store a doctor of long experience, and a graduate of the best medical schools of Europe and America, will prescribe free of charge 
The utmost care and caution is taken in compounding- medicines of all kinds, and where the prescription clerk is a chemist of rare 
ability, and a graduate in pharmaceutics Dr. Bassin is also a practicing physician, a graduate of the best medical schools 01 
Europe and America, and a specialist of successful ability. In his profession he has a large experience, and made an analytical 
study of the curative art for over thirty years. There seems to be a wide field awaiting him in higher honors and greater distinc- 
tion in his vocation. 

76 




EXTERIORS AND INTERIORS OF KUTNER-GOLDSTEIN CO S STORES. 



Cold Storage and Packing House. An observer of Fresno's commercial resources cannot fail to notice the metropolitan airs 
5. Evinger which she is so rapidly assuming, and that some of her enterprising merchants realize this 

fact and partake of metropolitan ideas themselves is shown by the extensive preparations 

beiug made to supply the demands of such a progressive city. Notably of these is the establishment of a Cold Storage Plant by 

S. Evinger. proprietor of the City Market, 1147 I street, for the packing and refrigerating of meats. This fills a long-felt want in 

- -.0 City aud County, as well as in Central California, it being the only Cold Storage and Packing House between San Fran- 

and Los Angeles. The photo-engraving on the opposite page will give the reader a better idea of the magnitude and extent 

:>f the operations of this industry than we can by mere description, though we add that they have a capacity of 50 to 75 beeves, and 

manufacture in connection their own ice for refrigerating and packing purposes. Mr. Evinger does an extensive business in a 

retail way, extending to the first-class trade of Fresno City and surrounding country from his City Market, and a fine wholesale 

- .ess. extending to the city aud the towns throughout the county and Central California. He has been identified with our 

people in this same line for the past seven years, in which time he has gained the distinction of being the leader, handling only 

first-class and pure meats. The fact that refrigerated meats are the purest, most palatable, and conceded to be the healthiest by 

..ysiciaus. is too well established to need a reiieration here, though the purity of these meats is more strongly demonstrated 

by the fact that in all large cities where they have the facilities, the first-class trade will use nothing but refrigerated meats. His 

retail, as well as his wholesale and packing departments, is a- model one, as is shown by the illustration. His recent improvements 

for packing, together with his extensive slaughter-house facilities, well prepares him to cater to the wholesale trade of the valley, 

aud the reputation of his house is a sufficient guarantee that all orders intrusted to him will receive the most careful and prompt 

consideration. Mr. Evinger is one of our business men who is directly interested in the material development of our city and 

county, and who is always found at the head of any enterprise for their advancement, and in a business way occupies an enviable 

position. 

«-^3~ 2S- -4S— ^^ 

San Francisco Underwear House, A striking example of the prompt recognition of merit is found in the rapid growth and pop- 
Airs. S. R. Senical ularity of the house under notice which has been established here over a year, but recently 

purchased by Mrs. S R. Senical, the proprietress, and which has since developed a patronage 
that is both a splendid tribute to its management and a credit to Fresno. This store is located at 1817 Mariposa Street, and carries 
a handsome stock, embracing ladies' and children's underwear, hosiery, corsets, and fancy goods, making a specialty of Warner 
Bros.' Health Corsets, and the manufacture of ready-made underwear, ladies' waists, etc. Mrs. Senical buys East and in San 
Francisco, in large quantities, at contract prices, and is thereby enabled to give her customers ready-made garments at almost the 
same price that the bare material would cost them elsewhere without the making. All work turned out by her house is strictly 
first-class, and of the latest style, and in every particular perfect satisfaction is given, as only the most skilled help are employed, 
and even.' department of the work is under the personal supervision of the proprietress. That Mrs. Senical is conversant with her 
business in every detail, and that she is an artist in the line is demonstrated by the able manner in which she conducts her house, 
and her keen business preceptibilities. She is a very pleasant, kindly lady, and one with whom it is a pleasure to do business, 
and by the establishment of her house here has supplied a long-felt want, in which Fresno has a valuable acquisition to. her com- 
mercial realm, and one which promises to command a large share of the trade, and the esteem and confidence of our people. 



78 




WHOLESALE AND RETAIL MARKETS, PACKING HOLTSE AND COLD STORAGE PLANT OE S. EVINGEE. 



Dorsey & Parker In our work devoted to the City and County of Fresno, one special feature is the presentation of our commer- 
cial institutions, which are doing- so much to build up our city and count}'. There is no truer index to a bright 
urc lor Fresno than the present conditions of her many large business establishments. Much of the success of a mercantile 

ouse depends upon its management, and this fact cannot be more fully illustrated than in the success of Dorsey & Parker, dealers 

in groceries, wood, coal, hay, grain, etc. This firm has steadily increased its business from a moderate beginning, until to-day it 

enjoys a trade of which few houses can boast. They are agents for the famous Stockton Crown Flour, and do an extensive business 

the way ot supplying the trade with this favorite brand. Dealing in the necessities of life, they offer many inducements to the 

■oducer, who can take his products to them and receive in exchange money or supplies. They buy largely on contract, thereby 
l^eing enabled to give their customers the benefit of low prices. At their extensive wood camp at Kings River they employ about 
-ixtecu men cutting wood from the stump. By getting it direct from nature's bounteous supply, they save their consumers the 
middle man's profit. The headquarters of this prosperous and enterprising firm, herewith illustrated, is 856 I Street. The house 
was established four years ago in our city, and the present time employs six men, and runs three wagons. The business circles of 
Fresno contain no more active, intelligent and thoroughly progressive men than R. B. Parker and R. C. Dorsey, the prominent 
young members of this firm, who are recognized as important factors in our commercial community. Socially, they are pleasant, 
congenial gentlemen, with whom it is a pleasure to meet and do business. 

C. H. Riege, " A little learning is a dangerous thing, 

Stationer Drink deep or taste not of the Pierian spring." 

The educational facilities of Fresno, and the well-established reputation of its inhabitants for literary and mental culture, 
demonstrates that the metropolis of the San Joaquin is alive to the truths of the couplet above quoted, and it is, therefore, a source of 
no surprise that even,- genuine effort to provide for the public wants in this respect should meet with great encouragement, and 
the large business done by Mr. C. H. Riege, the leading bookseller and stationer at 1809 Mariposa Street, from the first year of 
the establishment of the business in 1890, further demonstrates that he is especially well qualified for his chosen occupation. This 
establishment is one of the most attractive in the city, and contains within its walls one of the most complete and well-selected 
stock of books, both in paper, cloth and leather bindings, popular magazines, commercial and fine stationery, art materials, small 
musical instruments, school supplies, leather goods and novelties, legal blanks, visiting cards of all styles, and in fact everything 
to be found in a first-class stationery house. A specialty is made of picture frames, in which a handsome line, embracing all late 
styles and varieties are carried, and also in supplying the schools throughout Central California with school supplies of every 
discription, in which department he offers great inducements in way of price and quality of goods. Mr. C. H. Riege, the proprie- 
tor, is one of our enterprising and most thorough business men, and most popular and estimable citizens. He has been identified 
with the material interests of Fresno for the past five years, and occupies an enviable position in both business and social circles. 

80 




COMMERCIAL HOUSE. WOOD AND COAL YARDS OF DORSEY & PARKER, FRESNO AND THEIR WOOD CAMPS AT KINGS RIVER. 



l:i>en \ ineyard Among the prominent vineyards of Fresno 

County there are none more conspicuous than 

: .-en Vineyard. It is the oldest, and one of the largest and 

si thoroughly improved, and may well be termed the pioneer 

vineyard in the county. In 1872, Mr. F. T. Eisen, after much 

sst and independent research, selected this favored spot as 

adapted to all the requirements necessary for the production of 

se grapes suitable for high 

- - -vines . The country 
around was at that time little 
else thau an arid desert, and 

rare foresight and indomi- 

perseverance could have 

jrted this waste into the 

beautiful vineyard which now 

- -. Among the different 
kinds of grapes, numbering 
over three hundred (300) varie- 

- imported from all parts of 
the world, are to be found the 
very choicest, and the nurser- 
ies devoted to the culture of 
these are tended with unremit- 
ting care. It is well understood 
that choice wines cannot be 
obtained without using those 
grapes which are best adapted 
to their production, and this 
maxim has been studiously ob- 
served i:i all of the efforts of 

r ineyard. As a result of 

- care in selection, the port 
wines, and even more especially the sherries take the highest 
rank amon * anything produced in the State. This fact is notably 
emphasized by Mr. F. T. Eisen receiving the gold medal for 
California wines at the Dublin Exhibition of 1892. The num- 

f acres planted to wine grapes is 250, there being also 50 
acres of muscats, 50 acres of malaga, and 25 acres tokays. The 
output of wine is about 300,000 gallons annually. Last season 




Main Avenue on the Eisen Vineyard, one mile 
interspersed with pink oleander trees, while 



30 carloads of table grapes were shipped to the markets of New 
York, Chicago and New Orleans, and realized prices much above 
the average, on account of the great care exercised in packing, 
and the perfect condition in which they arrived at their destina- 
tion. It is here that the raisin industry of the county originated, 
and the fabulous prices they brought in those days would almost 
paralyze the dejected raisin grower of the present time. For 

making brandy, and in order 
to meet the ever-increasing out- 
put a new still has been erected, 
having a grand capacity of 1 , 500 
gallons per day. Among the 
old wines stored away in the 
immense cellars are to be found 
choice vintages of Muscat, 
Angelica, Tokay, and other 
sweet wines, while Clarets, 
Reisling and Sauterue are a 
noted feature of this winery. 
Across the Faucher Creek, 
which winds through the vine- 
yard, a great flume carries a 
rushing body of water for irri- 
gating, which by a perfect 
arrangement of ditches is 
diverted into every conceivable 
point. The main avenue, one 
mile in length, is a picture 
seldom equaled. Mr. Augustine 
Eisen, who conducts the vine- 
yard, has shown a due spirit 
of progression, having intro- 
duced the finest variety of the Japanese Persimmon tree. These 
he has planted the entire length of the mirth side of the vineyard, 
and when grown will surpass any in the State. Space will not 
permit us to more than mention the orchards, alfalfa and grain 
fields, and many other points of interest to the practical ob- 
server, but it is not too much to say that to the late Mr. F. T. 
Eisen belongs the credit of developing Fresno's greatest industry. 



in length. On each side the towering poplars 
across overhead clusters of grapes are hanging. 




INTERIOR OF WINERY. 
MAIN BUILDINGS. 



EISEN VINEYARD. 



DISTILLERY. 
VINEYARD VIEW. 



Citrus Fruits The photo-engraving on the opposite page correctly represents apart of the exhibits at the Citrus Fair held in Fresno, 
January, 1S96. All of these fruits were grown in Fresno County, no fruit of other counties being admit ted on exhibit. 
While it may seem strange to make the assertion, that our Citrus Fair did not only surprise our visitors from distant States and 
countries and other parts of our State, but greatly surprised many of our own people, nevertheless, it is true. We can only account 
tor it by the fact that our people heretofore have given their attention to the growing of wheat, hay, grapes and such a diversity of 
products that they lost sight of the orange, lemon and lime, and were not aware that in their midst nature had established through 
climatic condition, superior soil and irrigating facilities the true home of all citrus fruit. While the orange has not been planted 
extensively, still a number of trees were planted twenty j r ears ago throughout the count}' for ornamental purposes, which have 
produced splendid results and show that it is a natural adapt of this section. Many of the first trees planted are at Centerville, 
and so bountiful is the yield that the trees have to be proped up under their loads of fruit. The thermal belt in this county 
is exempt rrom freezes and damaging frosts, and the fruit ripens from three to four weeks earlier tti'm in the famous orange 
producing sections further south. Being the earliest in the market they command the highest price, and are of the finest color and 
flavor. They are exempt from scale and other pests, as the climatic conditions do not admit of these diseases in this belt. In this 
section the soil is many feet deep and the land has extensive irrigating facilities (only costing 62^2 cents per acre per annum), and 
there are to be seen some of the healthiest and most beautiful orange groves in the State. The fruit sent to market this year com- 
man led a very high price, owing to its being eirly and in advance of other sections, and the producers in this county realized as 
high as S3-50 per box for their fruit, which was grown on land far less in cost than one of the same acreage in the famous River- 
side, Los Angeles or San Diego counties. There were thirty carloads of oranges shipped this year. These were the product of about 
140 acres in partial bearing About 18,184 acres have now been planted to oranges, lemons and limes combined. The two latter 
fruits do as well as the oranges, and we predict it will only be a short time before this will be recognized as the favorite citrus fruit 
producing county of the State. One of the greatest advantages that this county posesses over other orange producing sections and 
Southern California is the fact that when the fros'.s come the fruit is ripened and most of it picked, while further south it is at its 
most dangerous stage and consequently often damaged. Cost of a 10 acre orange orchard in Fresno Thermal belt : Ten acres of 
land at $100 per acre, $1,000; 1,000 trees, at 35 cents, $350; plowing and planting, $100; total cost, $1,450. The above figures 
embrace the choicest land, in quaHty and location, with perpetual water right, at an expense of 62^ cents per acre per annum. 
The water is ready to apply to the land without any expense of running it to the land. In this termal belt the price of land runs 
trom S40 up to $100 per acre, owing to location, condition and quality of the land. First-class land in this belt maybe bought for 
oer acre, though its location is not so favorable to the market as the $100 land. This thermal belt is so called because its 
climate differs from that of the open valley in which Fresno is the center, being cooler in the summer and warmer in winter. 
This embraces about 70,000 acres, much of which has free water rights, at a cost of 62^ cents per acre. Orange trees in this belt 
will Lear the second year after planting. An estimate shows they will average one-half a box per tree .the third year, three- 
quarters of a box per tree the fourth year, 1 to 1^ boxes per tree the fifth year, 2 boxes per tree the sixth year and 3 boxes the 
seventh year. At the age of 8 to 12 years 4 to 6 boxes per tree is considered a good yield. By planting 100 trees to the i.cre, the 
usual custom, it will be seen that the orchard produces 50 boxes per acre the third year and so on. Now place the price at $1.25 
per box the third year you get $67.50 per acre, the fourth year $^7.75, fifth year $125 to $156.25, sixth year $250 and the seventh 
year S375 per acre. This is a very conservative estimate as the price usually averages much above $1.25 per box, and the yield 
i-. above the average quoted. At the age of 12 to 16 years trees often produce an average of 10 to 12 boxes per tree. It will be 
seen elsewhere that the lemon tree grows very luxuriantly here and gives a yield equal to any known section on the globe. We 
refer correspondents to W. G. Uridge for full particulars on this subject. 

84 




EXHIBITS AT CITRUS FAIR. HELD IN FR33NO, JANUARY 1393 



St George Vineyard No better evidence of the superiority of Fresno County soil for producing the best quality of wine and 
brandy grapes than the fact that we have established here, four miles east of Fresno, the St. George 
Vineyard and Winery, which is one of the largest in the world. It was established and started by G. H. Malter, in 1879, when 
the original tract of 160 acres was planted to a choice variety of foreign wine grapes. The acreage of the vineyard has been 
increased, from time to time, until at present there are 1,280 acres planted to the wine grape. The winery was built in 1888, 
b was the 1 a comparatively small concern, capable of working only 2,500 tons of grapes per season. It has been enlarged, 
and has a present capacity of working daily abDUt 200 tons of grapes, and employs from 90 men to 200 men in its various 
departments, and during the busy seasons many more. 7,500 tons of grapes were made into wine and brandy during the past 
- - -.1, and the winery contains the largest wine tanks in existence, the largest of these tanks holding 82,000 gallons, and three 
others each holding 48,000, which three are connected for blending purposes, so that 144,000 gallons of wine can be made uniform 
in quality, thereby enabling the management to s apply uniform characters of wine to its customers when filling orders at distant 
times: also, many other tanks of different capacities, too numerous to mention here. The distillery contains six stills of different 
constructions, so as to produce brandy of different kinds for the varied purpose of commerce. With their present capacity two 
car loads of brandy c m be made daily, and the establishment aims to reach the wine merchant directly, without the intervention 
of middle men and distant blending establishments, so that it furnishes it customers with wine unadulterated and ready for 
consumption, and guarantees all of its productions absolutely pure. The photo-engraving on the opposite page so well illustrates 
the magnitude and general capacity of this immense winery that it is unnecessary for us to give any further description, except 
to say that they purchase and consume the grapes grown on 168 different vineyards, besides those of their own. One of the noteable 
features of this enterprise is that it is run until the entire crop is consumed, for the accommodation of the growers, and that they 
have in connection a regular mercantile house, from which they supply ths growers with almost every article of commerce, 
carrying many of them from season to season, buying their products of every description. They have in connection a large 
warehouse where they store erain, raisins, and other products, on which a reasonable amount is advanced to the customer. In 
view of the great body of men to whom it gives employment, and of the amouut of money distributed to the growers, and in 
various other ways. 5 7 earl}% it is the most important factor in our commercial supremacy, and an industry of which our people 
are justly proud, and whose able and efficient management by their conservative methods, as well as the superiority of their 
product, reflects much credit on Central California, as well as Fresno City and County. Mr. G. H. Malter, the proprietor, is one of 
Fresno's early settlers, an earnest devotee to her cause, and a gentleman of a large and extensive experience in the manufacture 
of wines and brandies, and to him belongs much credit for the advancement of the sweet wine industry of Central California. 
Mr. W. Gesner Allen, in whom the general management of the St. George has been intrusted, is a gentleman of marked ability, 
and whose large and practical business experience is a valuable adjunct to Fresno's commercial supremacy. He gives it his 
individual attention, and long since has demonstrated that there was wisdom in his appointment. 

86 




ST. GEORGE VINEYARD, MALTERMORO, ERESNO CO., CAL. 



California and A transient, but observing visitor, said: "I 

Homeseekers think this Golden Sunset land of yours is an 

ideal place for the toiler to enjo3 r the rewards 

f a busy life: if any hopeful possibility is left to him, here 

would seem to be the place to realize it. " 

That is all true, and it is also true that he will secure added 
years often or more with new capacity of enjoyment. 

" Better late than never " applies to him, but if he had 
come earlier he could have stayed later. No one can come to 
California too soon, and the best plan of all is to be born here. 
Such happiness is not for you but should be the inheritance of 
your children, and will be if their parents have learned to follow 
their highest impulses. 

Pleasant, vine-clad, rose-embowered homes, with perma- 
nent bearing acres are within the reach of every industrious 
and frugal family. There is no want of prolific land suitable 
for home making. Millions of desirable acres await a pur- 
chaser and occupant. Prices are reasonable, and terms of pay- 
ment usually such as leave no anxious fears by either of the 
rties that they will not be met. No where in this universe 
of law does "something come from nothing;" acres of rich 
California soil will not volunteer a support to the imprudent 
and indolent owner, but so surely as he sows so surely shall he 
reap, not always to be sure, in exact kind. If in fruit by chance 
one tree proves a ' ' skybearer, ' ' its fellows may ask for external 
aid to sustain their burden until the ripening; if in grain, by 
any reason the crop fails, or is light, the season of twelve months 
gives room^for a second or even third appeal for justice to the 
court of Ceres. No impoverishing "winter of discontent; " 
twelve months of seed time and harvest; no strain of overtaxed 



energies to plow and plant, or to garner before these, shall be 
a call of ' ' Time ' ' because on the Pacific Coast. You have all 
the time there is. Upon occasion wheat that has ripened in 
June, has stood patiently in its golden scales until September, 
brought a more convenient season for the owner's reaper, and 
this long waiting cost no diminished crop. 

The leisurely grain harvest, beginning in June, may not 
necessarily reach an ending until September. Seed time is 
equally your own. Wheat sowing may commence in Septem- 
ber, and continue, if desirable, until the close of March of 
the following year. 

No hungry cyclonic winds to devour you and your sub- 
stance; no poisonous malarial breath; no pestilence that walk- 
eth by noon-day. 

The Southern Pacific desires to bring a knowledge of these 
facts to you for natural benefit; primarily for yours, and sec- 
ondarily for its own. It will be well for you to consult its 
reliable agents in the various Eastern centers, either by per- 
sonal visit or by letter, and for your information a list of them 
is appended hereto: 

E. Hawley, Asst. General Traffic Manager, 349 Broad- 
way, New York, N. Y. 

E. E. Currier, New England Agent, 9 State St., Boston, 
Mass. 

W. G. Neimyer, General Western Agent, 238 Clark St., 
Chicago, 111. 

S. F. B. Morse, General Passenger Agent, Atlantic System 
New Orleans, La. 

T. H. Goodman, General Passenger Agent, Pacific 
System, San Francisco, Cal. 



R. H. Thompson, Our enterprising city lias enterprising 
Bicycles business men and firms, as one is as 

essential to the other as the bicycle is to 
the girl, to the boy, to the young lady, to the young gent or 
the older gentlemen, or the older ladies (they all use them). 
In our work devoted 
extensively to our many 
inducements to the in- 
vestment of capital, and 
the establishment of 
homes and industries, it 
becomes a part of our 
duty to give the leading 
firms in each branch of 
our trade aud commerce 
who are best facilitated, 
for any special reasons, 
to supply the demand of 
our people in a local wa}', 
as well as the great tido 
of emigration now rush- 
ing to the coast. Mr. 
Thompson established 
his house in our city two 
years ago, and by his 
conservative methods, 
low prices, and high class 
of goods, has increased 
in volume of business, 
and in the confidence of 
a large patronage, until 
his house now occupies 
an enviable position in 
our commerce. He carries the famous Rambler, Crawford and 
Victor Bicycles, either of which are too well known to need 
comment here. He carries also a large stock of guns, ammuni- 
tion, fishing tackle, and sporting goods. He makes a specialty 
of a high-class quality of goods, such as the L. C. Smith 




Guns, Victor Sporting Goods, and other well-known brands, 
too numerous to mention. The many inducements offered at 
his store for the reasons heretofore mentioned, and various 
otliers, his house is an emporium of traffic, deserving the 
patronage it so liberally receives. Mr. Thompson is here to 

stay, and is looking 
closely after the interests 
of his customers with 
good goods, low prices, 
best of terms, and square 
dealing. He is one of 
our leading, enterprising 
young business men, who 
is extensively known, 
enjoying the esteem and 
confidence of all who 
know him, and stands 
high in a business and 
social way, which is a 
sufficient guarantee of 
the continuance of his 
large and lucrative pa- 
tronage, at 1165 J Street. 

W. F. McVey This gen- 
tleman es- 
tablished his furniture 
house in our city in 1885, 
and since its inception 
has continued to grow 
in popularity and public 
favor, until to-day it is 
our leading house in 
that line, and enjoys an extensive trade. He carries a large 
and well-selected stock of furniture in all varieties of style; 
carpets, in all the most handsome and latest patterns, kinds, 
and qualities, from the most expensive down, wall-paper, lino- 
leums, window shades* sewing machines, etc., 1122 J Street. 



M. THOMPSON'S CYCLERY. 



Minnewawa The home and health resort of Dr. I. S. Eshleman and familj r , of Philadelphia, Pa., comprises a section of very fine 
land in the suburbs of Fresno. On this well-improved tract of land are fine parks, covered with towering ever- 
greens, forest trees of diversified foliage, flowers, vines and fruit trees; also, copious streams of water, all the work of art trans- 
formed from fertile plains. The landscape culture here harmonizes with nature. This section might be quoted as representative 

my tine improvements in this district. This tract, with its palatial residence, measures its orchards and vineyard by the 
hundreds of acres. Minnewawa, nine years ago, was found in grain land and pasture fields; interspersed had been planted parks 

were watered by carts from windmill tanks. Now, hundreds of acres of vines and fruit trees cover most of its surface. Here 
the raisin grape the pear, the peach, the apricot, the nectaiine, the prune, the orange, the almond, the olive and other fruit 
in great perfection. On the mesa land mingle the foliage of the peach and olive, contrasting their shades of green, while the pear 
and the grape cover the lower alluvial and red granite soil; other trees and vines lie between, and copious streams of water, taken 
from Kings River, flow perpetually down in new channels and old meandering courses embowered in with trees, sparkling fresh 
and pure fr< m the towering snow-peaked Sierra Nevada Mountains, which finish the prospectus in the clouds above and beyond. 
It is easy to blend beauty and utility in this fertile land of sunshine and flowers. The mind grows happy here, while health flows 
to the ruddy cheek. The orange despised in the flush of the raisin grower's prosperity now asserts itself. There was shipped 
here from Florida, for the beauty of foliage, some years ago, a few hundred of many varieties, planted mostly in protected places. 
Thev have never suffered in fruit or foliage from frosts, being now two years in bearing, and are free from scale and other diseases, 
and lo?ded with the most luscious fruit. The fruit is clean, and colors and ripens early. This thermal belt is exempt from the 
henry freezes that prevail further South. All things considered, Minnewawa has few competitive tracts for diversified successful 
fruit growing. All the conditions for longevity are favorable here, exposure to vicissitudes of weather being at a minimum. The 
temperature is equable, the air dr}- and exhilarating. Heavy pressure and relaxation incident to sudden change, blizzards and 
thunderstorms are unknown. The snow-clad Sierra Nevada Mountain-; refresh the eyes in the East, the Coast Range breaks and 
modifies the ocean breeze that prevails so salubriously from the West, while Minnewawa, in the broad San Joaquin Valley, is 
cradled between. Abundant streams of cool clear water flow down from either mountains into the expansive valley, and through 
this ranch, as the sun breaks those lofty fortresses of snow that rend the sky to quench the thirst of the fertile plains. The plow 
mav direct the course of water where needed, or it may be left to sap and sub-irrigate the soil, while the sun plays upon the sur- 
face to germinate the seed and mature the crop. The lord of the manor, seated on saddle or in his car may watch the process, or 
himself follow the plow as it glides the easy furrow in the mellow soil where rocks are unknown. The fine dry air that prevails 
takes up the imperceptible perspiration, keeping cool the body, and reducing to pleasure the labor that earns its bread by the sweat 
of the brow. The health problem is well established here, malaria being unknown, and other diseases exceedingly rare. Decom- 
position is slow: almonds keep good all winter on the trees, and the fall musk mellons are sound in the cellar in February. 

Minnewawa A dairy was required, as the quality of the butter sold did not suit palates used to the Philadelphia artiole. It was 
Dairy necessary to learn to produce a gilt-edged butter. The demand grew so that a separator, butter worker and churn 

run by steam was required; soon a large steam power outfit, and a creamery building was needed. The creamery 
has double brick walls, ceiled and plastered, the floors are cemented, and every portion can be whitewashed or steamed. The 
tour rooms are, first, for storage of cream; second has the churn, butter worker and refrigerator; the third is given to the engine 
and boiler: the last is the steam separator. Perfect cleanliness is maintained. All utensils used in the creamery are daily treated 
to the sterilizing influence of steam. The first cows used at the dairy were Jerseys, which did not prove satisfactory, and registered 

90 




BRIDGE AND CANAL 
DRIVEWAY. 



AT MINNEWAWA. 



RESIDENCE. 
IRRIGATING CANAL. 



Holsteins. bought at fancy prices, were substituted. Now there 
could hardly be found a healthier herd, the mortality being three 
in seven years, none from contagious diseases. The minimum 
product from each cow is placed at three hundred pounds of 
butter. Monthly tests are made with the Babcock Each cow 
wears her number on a steel earring; under this number she has 
her individual account in the cow ledger. In the winter she is 
fed all the grain profitable, with plenty of corn rusilage and good 
alfalfa hay. During the summer 
she is given a small amount of 
grain, except when the pasture is 
at its best. All milking is done in 
the stalls. Cows are curried and 
brushed daily. Cleanliness is re- 
garded as of the first and greatest 
importance. The large commodi- 
ous barns contain the latest devices 
lor the convenience and comfort of 
the cow, each having a separate 
stall of either the Common Sense 
or Bid well pattern: no stanchions 
are used. The fl< ors are of cement , 
and drained into ci-terns, contents 
of which are emptied daily. Two 
Silos of 300 tons capacity were built 
and filled last summer, being the 
first in the county, and have proved 
valuable as an adjunct to the dairy. 
There is added a fine band of Berk- 
shire swine Each year a few Juino 
driving colts are raised. Four full-blooded Percheron Mares 
and their grades form the working stock of the ranch. 

.Tiss Edith Lucas The dawn of brighter days for Fresno is 
The Milliner attracting and bringing with it talent, art 

and skill. The Millinery department has 
received a notable addition by the opening of a fashionable and 
artistic Millinery Emporium at 1128 J^Street, by Miss Edith 




GROUP OF MINNEWAWA'S HOLSTEIN ERIESIAN. 



Eucas. In point of arrangement and design she displays much 
artistic taste, as it certainly is one of the most unique and pret- 
tiest stores in the city. She carries a large and well-selected 
stock of millinery goods of every description, usually carried iu 
a strictly first-class house, in all of the newest and latest 
fashions; in fact, her house would do credit to cities much larger 
than Fresno. Her opening with one of the largest and best 
assorted and most stylish stocks ever presented to our ladies 

has created much comment and a 
rush of business at her Emporium. 
Her special features are high grade 
and stylish goods, low prices, and 
perfect satisfaction, skillful and 
artistic trimming and design. Her 
establishment employs from five to 
six ladies, among whom are only 
the most skilled and tasteful design- 
ers, and trimmers, and courteous 
salesladies. In order to meet the 
demands of a fashionable trade she 
imported from San Francisco a pro- 
fessional trimmer of rare ability. 
Personally, Miss Lucas is one of 
the successful merchants in her line , 
having been identified with it for 
the past six years, and knows well 
the art of buying goods to please 
her extensive circle of patrons. 
Being a lady of rare professional 
accomplishments, endowed with 
that special geniality so requisite to a successful business 
career, with a large circle of friends and acquaintances, the 
publishers bespeak for her a continuation of a flattering success. 

Kohler & Chase This house carries a large assortment of 

riusic House well selected stock of the leading Pianos, 

embracing the Decker Brothers, Ives & 

Pond, Mason & Hamlin; Organs and Sheet Music, 1046 J Street. 



92 



Fruit Culture On East avenue, three and one-half miles south of Fresno, is the fruit farm and picturesque home of J. P. John- 
ston and family. Seven years ago when Mr. Johnston bought the property it comprised thirty acres, and was 
practically nothing more than a pasture field. To-day it comprises forty acres of the most productive and highly cultivated land 
in Fresno County, and is one of the best managed fruit farms in Central California. Ornamental and fruit trees of almost every 
variety interspersed with beautiful flowers adorn the grounds, and almost envelope the cottage, making it appear a perfect sylvian 
bower where roses grow that would gladden the heart of the " Poet of the Sierras," and luscious fruits mature that would be fit 
for the gods. The property is picturesque beyond description, and equally important. Its location insures a practical immunity 
from winds and frosts, while the fertility of the soil, which is a chocolate loam between the white ash and red clay, makes it 
possible to cultivate almost every variety of product that can be grown. Thirty acres of this property is planted to Muscat grapes, 
2% acres to Sultanas. The vines on this acreage are planted 8 feet each way, 681 vines to the acre. These grapes grow in immense 
bunches, often weighing 8 to io pounds each. Mr. Johnston sent a number of bunches from this same acreage for exhibition at 
the Chicago World's Fair that weighed i o and io^ poundseach. This 2% acres of Sultanas have produced an average yearly yield of 
$890 for the past four years. While this is an exceptional good yield, but only because the vines have had the proper and greatest 
care. The remaining acreage is planted to fruits of almost every variety : Oranges, lemons, limes, pomelos, nectarines, peaches, 
quinces, pears, apples, appricots, prunes, guages, cherries, figs, olives, strawberries, and every known variety of berry, including 
the Crandel currant, which was sent Mr. Johnston from the East in order that he might test it, and it indicates the best possible 
results. Mr. Johnston is an ideal producer, agriculturist, horticulturist and florist, and a close observer of the results of his labor 
expended in each direction. In the cultivation of each variety of his fruits, etc. , he is very practical and gives to each the greatest 
care and obtains thereby the best possible results. From careful estimates he has been able to give us the following figures : Of 
the orange he has almost every kind, though principally the Mediterranean sweets, one tree of which the fourth year after planting 
had 1,080 oranges, which averaged 180 to the box, or 6 boxes to that tree, the entire grove averaging at the same age 5 boxes per 
tree. At $1.25 per box, an estimate too low, he got $6.25 per tree, or $656 per acre. Of the olive he got one gallon per tree at 
third year, and 2% gallons per tree the fourth year, the price received being 80 cents per gallon. Mr. Johnston plants 108 olive 
trees to the acre, same as the orange. He has closely observed the nature of the olive here as well as elsewhere, and is convinced 
beyond a doubt that Fresno County is properly the home of the olive, and that its culture will be a leading industry; also, he has 
observed that the olive tree at the fifth year after planting attains the same size that it does in the famous olive producing sections 
of Spain at forty years after planting. It has been said of Mr. Johnston that he is the Strawberry King of the county — at any rate 
he is an acknowledged authority on this the same as other berries, fruits, etc. He has one particular ^J-acre patch planted to 
strawberries, to which he has given the proper care, from which he received at one year after setting 6,000 boxes of berries, which 
sold at 20, 15 and 12^ cents per box, total amount received for the crop being $680. This crop was gathered during the straw- 
berry season proper, April 1st to June 15th, when other fruits take their place, though with attention the vines will furnish berries 
until Christmas. In addition to this home property he has one °2o-acre tract and one 50-acre tract likewise planted to fruits and 
alfalfa, to which he gives his most careful attention. Mr. Johnston furnished us estimates on other fruits, which has been valu- 
able to us in quoting results, elsewhere to be found. He has been directly identified with the fruit industry for many years, 
having located with us in 1888 from his Piqua.Ohio, home, where he was extensively engaged in the same business, having there 
the largest vineyard in the county. On locating with us he immediately gave his attention to the culture of fruits, and in this, the 
most important branch of Fresno's resources, he has proved an important and beneficial factor. Personally Mr. Johnston is one 
of our best citizens, standing high in both a business and social way, and is an ardent worker and promoter in the cause of Fresno 
County and Central California. The publishers earnestly solicit correspondence with Mr. Johnston in reference to any matters 
pertaining to Fresno County. 

93 




X the opposite page the photo-engraving, showing the main buildings and views of the Great Barton 
Vineyard and Winery, is a reproduction of photographs; therefore, absolutely true and correct in 
k J every particular. This vineyard is situated about four miles east of Fresno, and is one of the largest, 

best equipped, most highly productive and best systematized vineyard in the State. It was estab- 
lished in a scientific and substantial way by the late Robert Barton, in 1880; in 1888 it was 
purchased by an English syndicate, the management continuing in Mr. Barton up to his death in 
1S90, when the entire charge and management was intrusted to Colonel H. Trevelyan, who has 
added man)- valuable improvements and equipments, in the way of improved machinery and 
appliances, until to-day r it stands without a peer, in any particular, in the greatState of California — the 
Spain of America. This vineyard as it now exists is a mammoth industry, the pride of Fresno 
County, and of her many large institutions it is doing as much as any other to bring out her 
vonderful products and place them before the world in an honest way. Their wines are made only from pure grape juice fortified 
by grape spirits, made on the premises, and the puiity of their wines added to the superior quality is well known in the great 
markets throughout the country, which has given them an enviable prestige. They have in their cellars and storage houses a 
great variety of sweet wines, such as port, sherry, angelica, Tokay, muscat, Madeira, all the varieties of dry wines, and highest 
grades of brandies of their own different vintages. A visit to their extensive cellars, where may be seen row after row of vast 
casks, filled with the choicest of wines and brandies, can alone give an idea of the extent of this enterprise, but for the benefit of 
those who may not have an opportunity of seeing it, we give a few facts and figures partially showing the capacity. They have 
960 acres, of which 700 acres are wine grapes, 240 acres of raisin grapes, 22 acres in fruits, oranges, lemons and other varieties of 
fruit, and have beautifully designed in rows around the vineya'rd over 2,000 large white Adriatic fig trees from which 
handsome profits are each year received. They have a storage capacity of over 500,000 gallons of wines and brandies. Their 
last year's vintage alone was 270,000 gallons, last year's sales about 220,000 gallons, and about 400 tons of grapes and raisins. 
They give employment to a great many men and teams, distributing many thousand dollars yearly to Fresno County people. The 
main fermenting and st >rage house as shown in the engraving, is 320x120 feet, two story; the main cellar for old wines and 
brandies as is shown is 100x120 feet; the tank shown is one of their 50,000 gallon vats; the group, a part of the force that Colonel 
Trevelyan had employed on the 27th of February, when taken, and the view showing the driveway bordered by evergreens in 
fronto: theresidence isone of transcendental loveliness, as are the entire surroundings of ornamental shrubbery, windingdrives and 
grounds making it an ideal country- home. There seems to have been wisdom in the appointment of Colonel Trevely^an to the 
management of this institution, as he has not only placed it upon a paying basis, but greatly improved their holdings and outputs 
until to-day it ranks among the leading in the State. Colonel Trevelyan is a successful organizer, a master of discipline and among 
our most reliable business men, an enterprising gentleman who enjoys the esteem and confidence of all who know him. The 
Colonel, like Cincinnatus, has turned his sword into a plowshare after twenty-five years of military and cavalry officer service. 
Was elected Vice-President of the Sweet Wine Association of California, which, with other kindred associations has bee" 
formed for the betterment of the wine industry, and for the improvement of the quality of the wines. 



94 




INTERIOR OP WINERY. 
MAIN AVENUE. 



MEN AND TEAMS. 
BARTON WINERY. 



INTERIOR OF CELLAR. 
PART OF VINEYARD 



Holland & Holland 
Groceries 



In our work devoted to the count)' and 
city of Fresno one special feature is the 
presentation of the commercial institu- 
doin°- so 



tions, which are 
much to build up the citv and 
county, and add dignity to 
even- phase of our trade and 
commercial supremacy. There 
is no truer index of a bright 
mture for Fresno than the pres- 
ent condition of our niany com- 
mercial institutions. To this 
house we accord a leading posi- 
tion in their ranks. The}' oc- 
cupy the quarters herewith 
illustrated, 50x100 feet floor- 
ing, at the corner of Mariposa 
and K streets, and have besn 
established four years in our 
city, and have always ranked 
as one of our leading houses, 
catering to a first-class trade, 
with a stock of goods that 
would do credit to a city much 
larger than Fresno. They em- 
ploy seven men, and run two 
wagons, supplying the city 
trade, of which they enjoy a 
large proportion. They also 
enjoy a large trade extending 
to the various sections of the county. These gentlemen have 
gained popularity and distinction for their house on account of 
the high quality of their goods, the great variety which they 




__ HOLLAND & HOLLAND'S] GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT. J 



carry, and the small profits with which they are content, thereby 
being able to meet competition with very low prices for a high 
class of goods. They carry a large and well-selected stock of 

staple and fancy groceries > 
queensware, crockery, glass 
tin, willow and wood ware; in 
fact, their house presents the 
appearance of a mighty ware- 
house, stocked and loaded to 
the utmost capacity. This 
firm is composed of H. H. and 
W. B. Holland, who are well 
and favorably known through- 
out the city and county- 
These gentlemen, being ex- 
tensively known and well 
posted, gave us much valuable 
information for publication 
herein. They are recognized 
as our leading, enterprising, 
public-spirited business men, 
and are important facto: s in 
our commercial supremacy. 
In a social way they are genial, 
pleasant gentlemen, who know 
well the art of making one 
feel good in their presence, 
and are strong advocates of 
the cultivation of citrus fruits 
in our county, as well as diver- 
sified plantings. Messrs. Holland are enterprising gentlemen, 
congenial and polite to all their patrons, and their first-class 
grocery establishmentdoes credit to the city of Fresno. 



96 



Dr. Hare's Recent scientific discoveries in medi- 
Sanitarium cine and the improved methods in the 
treatment of disease have created a 
public demand for the establishment of Sanitariums 
where more elaborate facilities can be found for the 
successful treatment of disease according to modern 
and improved methods. Owing to Fresno's superior 
climate, its abundant supply of water of artesian pur- 
ity, and its unsurpassed healthfulness, finding here 
the lowest death rate of any city on the Pacific Coast, 
Drs. G. A. and Jessie D. Hare decided to locate in 
our city a Private Medical and Surgical Sanitarium. 
The Doctors are graduates of the University of Mich- 
igan, at Ann Arbor, and have been connected with 
the great Sanitarium at Battle Creek, Michigan. 
Their wisdom in selecting Fresno as a Health Resort 
is abundantly attested by their large patronage which 
their Sanitarium enjoys. Since the establishment of 
the Sanitarium but few patients have found it neces- 
sary to go to the city, as every advantage is now 
afforded them nearer home, and at much less expense. 
The Sanitarium is fully abreast of the times, and well 
equipped with Electric and Surgical appliances for 
giving first-class Sanitarium treatment. The methods 
of treatment are thorough, scientific, and strictly up 
to date. Among the treatments employed in the 
various treatment rooms may be mentioned Russian, 
Electric, Vapor, Sulphur, Alkaline, Medicated and 
Oil Baths, Faradic Electricity, Galvanic Electricity, 
Galvano Cautery, Swedish Shampoo, Massage, Swedish 
Movements, etc. The diet of patients is care full}' 
regulated, and rest and exercise properly prescribed . 
The newer methods of hypodermic treatment are utilized as rapid as their value is established. Catarrh and all diseases of the Nose, 
Throat, Eye and Ear, and Diseases of Women are each given such special lines of treatment as their cases demand. In the Surgical 
Department of the Sanitarium operations are performed on selected cases, under aseptic conditions, and the patient placed under 
the care of trained nurses. The care which patients receive in this department is well attested by the fact that during an experience 
of the past eight years in this kind of surgery every patient operated on has recovered. A Microscopic and Chemical Laboratory 
has recently been fitted up for the accurate study of Blood, Sputum and evidences of disease in the various tissues of the body. 
Skilled attendants and professional nurses are employed in the various departments, and the most satisfactory results are being 
secured, so much so that this Sanitarium has acquired the reputation of being one of the leading health institutions on the coast, 
Correspondence solicited. Information cheerfully furnished. Medical attendance, with board, room and daily treatment, from 
$, 12.00 a week up. 

97 




PRIVATE MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SANITARIUM, conducted by DRS. G. A. & JESSIE D. HARE. 

Dr. G. A. Hare is a Fellow of the American Academy of Medicine, Member of the American 

Medical Association, Member of the California State Med cal Society, President of 

the Fresno County Medic.il Society, etc., etc. 




REGISTER. 

IXTEKIOK OF BUB-STATION AT FRESNO. 



POWER HOUSE. 
POLE LINE. 



RESERVOIR. 
PIPE LINE, 1410 FEET FALL. 



San Joaquin On April 2, 1895, this company was incorporated with a paid-up capital stock of $800,000.00, by some of our 

Electric Company leading and most enterprising and public-spirited citizens, who are noted for their good work as promoters 
of Fresno City and County, and for the good of Central California, from which body was elected the 
following officers: J. J. Seymour, President; John S. Eastwood, Vice-President; O. J. Woodward, Treasurer; E- E- Cory, 
Attorney, and J. M. Collier, Secretary. Directors: J. J. Seymour, John S. Eastwood, O. J. Woodward, Harry Sherwood, M. R. 
Madary, L,. E- Cory and James Porteous. Though much has been said of utilizing nature's wonderful power, afforded by the 
falling waters of the San Joaquin River from the heights of the great Sierra Mountains, and preliminary surveys and estimates as 
to the feasibility and expense of the undertaking had been made and passed on, this was the substantial foundation of the 
establishment of the second largest Electric Eight and Power Plant on this coast, and one which destines Fresno, with her many 
other advantages, to become the largest inland manufacturing center in California, without any doubt. Thes; gentleman realize 
that to make Fresno a manufacturing center, as well as a horn; center, though her other inducements were almost unequ ded, it 
was necessary to have an unlimited power to propel her machinery, and to furnish her with light and fuel a 1 : an expense equal to 
that of other manufacturing cities. They als) realize that the great volume of water, furnished by the rain and melting snow 
from the water-sheds of the Sierras, offered opportunities for the establishment of a seat of power second to none in the United 
States, except, possibly, Niagara Falls. From a natural dam, high up in the Sierra Mountains, the water of the San Joaquin 
River is turned into an artificial canal, and conveyed seven miles to where Nature, aided by an artificial dam, has provided a 
reservoir, which covers eight acres, and has a capacity of 4,000,000 cubic feet of water, and which, by constructing the dam 
higher, will have an almost unlimited water capacity. From this reservoir the water falls to the base of the mountain, a distance 
of 1,410 feet, through an immense steel pipe of 62.8 square inches of 611 pounds to the square inch, or producing a pressure of 
38,370 pounds to the water-wheels, which run the machinery at the power house, illustrated in the engraving, which is 3^x75 
feet, and constructed of solid granite, which is so constructed as to be increased in size as the demand for more power is increased. 
Here the current is generated by three dynamos of 500 horse-power each, and transmitted to the sub-station, a handsome brick 
structure, 60x40 feet, located in the citv of Fresno, at 11,200 volts, where it is reduced to working pressure by means of trans- 
formers, and sent to all parts of the city with which to propel our machinery, run our street-cars, light our residences and 
business blocks, and to use for cooking purposes. Messrs. Seymour, the President, and Eastwood, the Vice-President, both being 
practical civil engineers, and large ^tDekdaolders in the company, have giveu their personal attention to the supervision of the 
construction of the plant in detail, in connection with experts sent from the East, and no expense or pains have been spared 
in its construction. Nothing but the latest improved machinery, and the most modern and scientific methods and plans have 
been adapted. In every particular the greatest care has been exercised to complete a system of power, with a view to continuity 
and substantiality, as well as to construct every department so as to increase its capacity as the demand increases, and at the 
same time to furnish power, light and fuel at such a figure as would induce the establishment of manufacturing enterprises in 
Fresno. The water is taken from the river at a point from which almost any required amount can be obtained. The canal, 
reservoir, power house, pole line and sub-station have been constructed with a view to increase capacity. As this plant is to-day 
it stands second in the State in amount of power installed, and in capacity the largest. To this company is due the credit of 
reducing the rates for power, light and fuel, and in return they are receiving the patronage of our nost enterprising people. 



99 



CALIFORNIA'S COHPETINQ LINE it consists of the 

Atlantic and Pacific Railroad 

IN CONNECTION WITH THE^SANTA FE ROUTE 



T 



HIS road is thoroughly equipped 
to handle the passenger and 
freight business of the great San 
Joaquin Valley. Superb Vestibuled 
Pullman Palace Sleepers, and the 
newest and best upholstered Pullman 
Tourist Sltepers pass through Fresno, 
daily, .^oing to and from Chicago, with- 
out change. Time as short as any 
line. The railroad service between 
California and the East has undergone 
remarkable improvement during the 
past few years, and it is largely due to 
the competition of the Atlantic and 
Pacific Railroad. This line, to aid 
and facilitate its business and get 




nearer to its patrons, has established 
freight and passenger agencies in the 
large towns of the Valley, particularly 
in Fresno, and deserves and ought to 
have the support and encouragement 
of its merchants and shippers. 
Freight, perishable, and otherwise, is 
handled with dispatch, and without 
transfer. Parties in the East, intending 
to immigrate to or visit the San 
Joaquin Valley, or any other part of 
California, should secure their tickets, 
and ship their freight via Santa Fe 
Route, in care of the Atlantic and 
Pacific Railroad. 



All Information Cheerfully Furnished on Application to 

T. H. WARRINGTON, Freight and Passenger Agent 
1828 Mariposa Street, Fresno, Cal. 
H. C. BUSH, A. Q. F. & P. A. DON A. SWEET, Q. F. & P. A. 

CHrorrcle Building San Francisco Albuquerque New Mexico 



C. H. Riege " A little learning is a dangerous thing, 
Stationer Drink deep or taste not of the Pierian spring." 

The educational facilities of Fresno, and the 
well-established reputation of its inhabitants for literary and 
mental culture, demon- 
strates that the metrop- 
olis of the San Joaquin is 
alive to the truths of the 
couplet above quoted , 
and it is, therefore, a 
source of no surprise 
that every genuine ef- 
fort to provide for the 
public wants in this re- 
spect should meet with 
great encouragement, 
and the large business 
done by Mr. C. H. Riege, 
the leading bookseller 
and stationer at 1809 
Mariposa Street, from 
the first year of the 
establishment of the 
business in 1890, further 
demonstrates that he is 
especially well qualified 
for his chosen occupa- 
tion. This establishment 

is one of the most attractive in the city, and contains within 
its walls one of the most complete and well- selected stock of 
books, both in paper, cloth and leather bindings, popular 
magazines, commercial and fine stationery, art materials, small 




INTERIOR OF C. H. RIEGE'ri BOOiC AND STATIONERY STOnE 



musical instruments, school supplies, leather goods and novel- 
ties, legal blanks, visiting cards of all styles, and in fact 
everything to be found in a first-class stationery house. A 
specialty is made of picture frames, in which a handsome line, 

embracing all late styles 
and varieties, is carried, 
and also in supplying 
the schools throughout 
Central California with 
school supplies of every 
description, in which 
department he offers 
great inducements in 
the way of price and 
quality of goods. Mr. 
C. H. Riege, the pro- 
prietor, is one of our 
enterprising and most 
thorough business men, 
and most popular and 
estimable citizens. He 
has been identified with 
the material interests of 
Fresno for the past five 
years, and occupies an 
enviable position in both 
business and social cir- 
cles. An illustration c f 
the interior of his handsome and sp icious store is herewith 
presented. This was made from a photognph taken especially 
for this publication, and is a faithful portrayal of its subject. 
The house has the agency for this work about Fresno. 



Druggists and Apothecaries 
Webster Brothers 



While Fresno enjoys (he special 
distinction of being one of the 
healthiest cities and counties in 
he State, we find that the drag business, on account of the 
extensive variety in the line, 
is an important factor in our 
commercial supremacy, and 
on account of the able mauner 
in which it is represented is 
one to which we can poiut 
with no small degree of pride. 
In this department of our 
trade and commerce we ac- 
cord a leading position to tie 
house of "Webster Brothers, 
cornerK and MariposaSti eets 
illustrated herewith. Thi> 
popular house has been estab- 
lished in our city for twelve 
years, and under the direction 
of these enterprising proprie- 
tors, whose personal attention 
has done so much in placing 
it before the trade as one of 
the leading drug houses ol; 
the coast. They carry one of 
the lai-gest stocks in the city, 
enjoy a first class trade, ex- 
tending to the city aud sur- 
rounding country in a retail 
way, and to the surrounding 
counties in a wholesale way. 
Their large and well-selected 
stock embraces a full line of 
pure, fresh drugs and chemi- 
cals, proprietory and patent medicines of standard reputation, 
toilet articles, fiiae perfumery, druggists 1 sundries, etc., sup- 
plimeuted by everything usually carried in the drug line. 
One of the most important features of their business is the 




WEBSTER BROTHERS' DRUG HOUSE 



prescription department, which in point of accuracy in com- 
poundii g is a model of its type. They do quite an extensive 
busintss in manufacturing, having a labratory in connection; 
many of the preparations put up by them has gained dis- 
tinction as efficacious reme- 
dies, among which we note 
Webster Brothers' Sarsapa- 
rilla Corn Salve, Anti-bil- 
lious Pills, Dr. Champbell's 
Headache Tablets, Hamemel- 
li's Pomades, and other popu- 
lar remedies. The firm is 
composed of Messrs. J. A. 
and E. E. Webster, who are 
competent and expert chem- 
ists, and give their personal 
attention to the business, 
which insures care and accur- 
acy in all of their compound- 
ings. They are directly 
identified with the material 
interests of our city and 
county; are among our most 
enterprising and popular citi- 
zens. The illustration here- 
with is a photo-engraving of 
their handsome and spacious 
business house, situated on 
the corner of K and Mariposa 
Streets, and which is a model 
of its type from an exterior 
point of view, while the in- 
terior presents a more strik- 
ing illustration of the magni- 
tude and immensity of the 
House. To a casual observer it presents a view of wonderous 
beauty as a business house. It is here where you come near- 
est to finding everything to be found in any of the large 
drug houses in the large cities. 




$iingefi 
pgoto 

aqd 

Engraving 
Compani} 

131 POST STREET 
S3[} Francisco 



The rialf-tone Eqgravmgs used iq this Souvenjr were made by the Sunset Photo and Eqgraviny Company. 



Barrett. Hicks Co.. Great commercial cities have their found- 
1035-1041*1 .Street ers and builders, and well-established 
business houses, which have stood loyal 
to her cause, baffling the severe 
storms of commerce that haunt 
their business career, and to 
which their people can point with 
pride. In this direction Fresno 
is no exception, and we record in 
our work devoted to Fresno City 
and County the name of Barrett, 
Hicks Company, which . is our 
leading firm in the hardware liue, 
and which has grown up hand 
in hand with Fresno, maintaining 
such a dignity in the commercial 
world as reflects credit to her as 
a commercial city. Eleven 3-ears 
ago, in the infant daj's of our 
city. C. W. Barrett, J. D. Hicks 
aud F. W. Fisher, the senior 
members of the company, estab- 
lished the house here in a small 
way, and since its inception it has 
c uitiuued to grow in popularity 
and volume of business, until to- 
uay it is characterized not only 
as our leader in this branch of 
trade, but as one of the largest 
and most popular hardware 
houses in the San Joaquin Valley. 
It was incorporated January 1, 
1895, under its present firm style 
by adding the names of G. E. 
Evans and G. H. Glassford, the 
five now constituting the entire 
stockholders. The}- employ twenty men, and do an extensive 
business in a retail way, and in a wholesale way extend North 
to Mintorn and South to Hauford, reaching East and West to 




J&^i«t?e:tt, hi 




BARRETT, HICKS COMPANY'S ESTABLISHMENT 



all surrounding counties. Their main buildings are 45x150 
feet, basement 40x60 feet, and warehouse in connection 40x60 
feet, all of which are stocked and loaded with goods until it 

resembles a mighty warehouse, 
and an emporium of variety. 
They carry a large stock of every- 
thing in the hardware, p umbers 
and gasfitters' line, and do an 
extensive business in the w; y of 
contracting aud furnishing mater- 
ial for building purposes and fur- 
nishing estimates on same. They 
have furnished the material, iron 
and cornice work on the principal 
fine buildings erected in Fresno, 
and now have the contract to do 
ihe cornice and tin work on the 
1 ew High School building and 
County Court House. These 
gentlemen, personally, are ex- 
perts in the various lines of their 
trade, and employ nothing but 
the most skilled mechanics in the 
various departments, and all work 
done or turned out by this house 
is guaranteed up to the standard. 
The members of this firm are 
among our leading, enterprising, 
public-spirited citizens, who have 
always been found in the lead of 
all enterprises for the advance- 
ment of Fresno City and County, 
and who are members of the 
Chamber of Commerce, and are 
important factors in our commer- 
cial supremacy. This house ranks 
with the leading houses on the Pacific Coast, every department 
in their line being well represented. It might be said of them 
that it is not possible to name an article in their line not in stock. 



104 



Mercantile House Every great commercial center, every large 
of B. T. Scott city and every rich, productive county, 

have their large commercial institutions and 
business men, which are recognized as their lenders, and which 
have stood the severe storms of commerce — loyal to their 
country's good, and gained 
distinction for their spec- 
ial advantages and induce- 
ments to a public patron- 
age. In this direction 
Fresno is no exception, 
and, therefore, we bring 
to the notice of our many 
readers the house of 
B. T. Scott. It being 
one of the purposes of this 
publication to inform the 
great concourse of emi- 
grants, now rushing to 
this coast, the traveling 
public and investors, as 
well as our people in a 
!oyal way, of our induce- 
ment to the investment 
of capital and the estab- 
lishment of homes and 
industries, as well as to 
present the men and bus- 
iness firms who have 
been instrumental in our 
upbuilding, and who offer 
the greatest inducements 
to a home patronage, and 
of which our people can 

consistently boast. Mr. Scott established his home and busi- 
ness in Fresno in 1888, and ever since its inception he has sur- 
prised the trade with good goods and low prices, and enjoys a 
trade of which but few houses on this coast can honestly lay 




INTERIOR OF B. T. SCOTT'S STORE 



claim. Running several wagons, employing several men and 
carrying one of the largest, fiist-c'ass stock of staples and fancy 
groceries and provisions to be found in the San Joaquin Va ley, 
he is as well equipped to cat* r to a first-class trade as any hou e in 
the city. He is a natural merchant — applying the policy 

of good goods, quick 
sales and small profits — 
a conservative business 
man, is well posted in 
all branches of trade 
and commerce, and pos- 
sessed of much valuable 
information to tourists, 
t ravelers and new-comers, 
as well as to our people 
in a local way. Person- 
ally he is a pleasant, con- 
genial gentleman, a most 
obliging and courteous 
salesman, and stands high 
in a social and business 
way. He is one of our 
enterprising and public- 
spirited citizens, who is 
always found in the front 
ranks, to better the con- 
dition of Fresno, and is 
an important factor ( in 
our commercial surprem- 
acy. The illustration 
herewith is a photo-en- 
graving of the interior of 
Mr. Scott's handsome and 
spacious store, situated at 
the corner of J and Fresno Streets. It is a model of its type, and 
it is here where you can purchase everything to be found in any 
of the large giocery houses of our larger cities, and at prices 
that will surprise the purchaser. *^- U*~ ^£ > 



105 




FRESNO CAFE 

The Fresno This is one of our first-class 
Cafe Restaurants and Oyster Houses, 

and is one that would do credit 
to a city much larger than Fresno. It is well 
appointed in all of its various departments, 
and prepared to accommodate the most fastid- 
ious in taste, and it is where the epicurean 
can supply himself to the greatest satisfaction. 
The}- have special family and ladies' depart- 
ments; being first-class it is very desirable to 
their trade. This house handles nothing but 
the best and first quality of everything; also, 



handle only the best Eastern brand of oysters, and get fresh shipments daily direct, 
which is a guarantee of freshness and purity of same. They have special Banquet 
Dining Rooms, where they are prepared to furnish banquet and wedding parties in 
superb style. Occupying the three floors of their handsome and spacious building 
gives them special facilities for the accommodation of this class of their trade, of 
which they enjoy a handsome share. The proprietors, Messrs. Lamond& Bielen- 
berg, are well and favorably known to the trade as first-class caterers for a first-class 
trade. Having been identified with our people for the past ten years they are well 
and favorably known, and stand high in business circles. Their personal attention 
to their budness largely accounts for their popularity and the prestige of their house. 




FORCE* EM PLOYED AT MADARY'S MILL. 



1 06 



J. N. Hines' Among the commercial houses of which 

Grocery House Fresno can consistently boast, we unhesitat- 
ingly bring to the notice of our many readers 
the house of J. N. Hines, at the corner of Fresno and I Streets, 
to which we accord a leading position. The photo-engraving 
herewith is a true reyre- 
sentation of the interior, 
representing a business 
house, not only prepared 
to cater to a first-class 
trade of no small propor- 
tions, but one which is 
enjoying the trade and 
patronage which it so 
richly deserves. It is a 
spacious building, 25X 
100 feet, stocked with a 
strictly first-class line < f 
staple and fancy gro- 
ceries, produce, game, 
fish, oysters, all kinds of 
fruit and vegetables, and 
everything usually car- 
ried in the line by a first- 
class house. This house 
employs five men in hs 
different departments, 
running two wagons, 
delivering all goods to 
their many ^customers 
throughout the city, free 
of charge. They also 
enjoy a large trade, ex- 
tending tothe sur- 
rounding country. Mr. Hines established his house with us 
about two years ago, and by his system of selling his goods 
strictly on their merits at very reasonable, if not exceptionally 
low prices, has built up a trade and gained distinction for his 
house, which places him en equal footing with any commercial 




INTERIOR OF J. N. HINES' GROCERY HOUSE 



institution in our county as a deserving caterer and fair com- 
petitor in the line for a strictly first-class trade. Being a large 
dealer in hay, grain, poultry, and all kinds of farm produce, he 
has many inducements to offer farmers and producers through- 
out the county, of whose trade he has a good share. Of Mr. 

Hines, personally, we 
take pleasure in saying 
that he is a shrewd, 
wide - awake business 
man, well posted on gen- 
eral topics, especially in 
his line, and is recogniz- 
ed as one of the import- 
ant factors in our com- 
mercial supremacy. He 
is in high social stand- 
ing, and is well educated, 
having graduated at the 
Weslian University, of 
Fast Tennessee. We 
find him a genial, pleas- 
ant and public-spirited 
citizen, who contributes 
to all charitable enter- 
prises, and never fails 
to tell of the good quali- 
ties of his adopted home, 
"Our Fresno." Webe- 
speak for him a contin- 
ued success, which he so 
richly deserves. Those 
who have not had the 
pleasure of a visit to this 
store should not fail to 
take advantage of their f rst oppoitunity. It is here where the 
tiue spirit of commercial life is fully shown, and where the art 
of pleasing and gratifying the wish of a large patronage is most 
fully developed. Mr. Hines' pleasing address and courteous 
manner has won the admiration of all, hence his success. 



107 



The Lumber Industry In the northeast part of this county I 
An Important Resource are tound the largest lumber forests I 

in the State of California, consisting 
principally of sugar and yellow pine, white and red fir, and the 
different varieties of cedar. These forests are so extensive that 
it is impossible 
to describe them 
other than to say 
that they pos- 
sess untold mill- 
ions in lumber,* r 
an almost enex- 
haustablesupplv 
These trees grow 
to an immense 
size, varying in 
diameter from 3 
to 10 feet, and in 
height from 175 
to 225 feet, one 
tree alone often 
making 2^.000 
feet of lumber. 
These fores's be- 
ing in the moun- 
tains it was at 
first thought im- 
practicable t~> at- 
tempt to utilize 
their great pro 
duct, on account 
of the expense 
of putting the 
lumber to a rail- 
road shipping point, 
ments, in 1 




Famous for their industrial accomplish- 
1 some of our most enterprising and public-spirited 
citizens conceived the idea of building a flume or water race 
ro m these districts, upon which to float lumber to railroad ship- 



ping points, the outcome of which was that on the 31st day of 
October, 1891, six of these gentlemen incorporated as the 
Fresno Flume and Irrigation Company, with a capital stock of 
$500, coo, and with H. D. Colson, President; C. B. Shaver, 
Vice-President; H. T. Musick, Secretary and First National 

Bank Treasurer. 
They purchased 
13,000 acres of 
the most choice 
land in these 
forests and con- 
structed an im- 
mense dam, 
thereby forming 
an extensive res- 
ervoir for im- 
poun ding t li e 
waters from the 
snow of the 
mountains (this 
is the largest 
dam constructed 
in the West, be- 
ing one-third 
larger than the 
f mous Sweet 
Water dam of 
Southern Cali- 
fornia). They 
established lartje 
sawmills, and 
con structed a 
flume, or water 
race, from this 
reservoir and mills, a distance of 42 miles to Clovis, where they 
connect with the railroad, and where they have extensive 
lumber yards, planing mills, box factories and an eleciric 
plant for manufacturing their own electriety by which they run 



AT THE FRESNO FLUME AND IRRIGATION COMPANY'S MILLS 



IO8 



iheir machinery and supply thur factories" with light. It is 
estimated that there is over 500,000,000 feet of lumber on this 
Company's land alone, 

which is only a small per . ; 

cent of these vast forests. 
Their flume is supplied v *|* 

with water from ihe res- 
ervoir, which has a ship- 
ping capacity from the 
mills to Clovis of 300,000 
feet ot lumber daily. 
These are the largest and 
best equipped lumber 
mills in the interior of the 
State, and with the' su- 
periority of these timbers 
for a high grade of lumber 
they have gained distinc- 
tion for the quality of 
their products, so much 
so that the}' have been 
unable to fill their orders. 
Their products are ship- 
ped to all parts of the San 
Joaquin Valley, to South- 
ern California, and of 
their clear or finer grades 
of lumber, they ship ex- 
tensively to Texas, Ari- 
zona, Colorado and Mex- 
ico. This is one of the 
largest industries in the 
county, and is composed 
of our leading influential 
citizens, employing 350 
men, and . r .distribu ting 
many thousand dollars an- 
nually to Fresno. Directors — H. D. Colson, Pres.; C B. Shaver, 
Vice-Pres.; H. L. Musick, Secretary; R. B. Buttler, L. P.Swift. 




I i:i:s\(l CITY'S WATER TOWER 



Fresno City's The engraving herewith of the city water tower, 
Water Tower one of the most handsome in the State, and a 

_ __ ._., _ _._ a massive brick structure 

surmounted by an im- 
mense steel tank, 100 
feet above the ground, 
having a capacity of 
250,000 gallons, was 
made from a photograph 
taken especially for this 
publication. This system 
is owned and controlled 
by some of our most 
enterprising home citi- 
zens, whose names re- 
sound with the onward 
progress of Fresno, and 
whose interests are di- 
rectly identified with 
those of Fresno City and 
Coun t y. They have 
spared no pains or ex- 
pense in making it one 
of the best and most per- 
fect systems on this coast. 
The following are the 
Officers and Directors: 
J. J. Seymore, President; 
C. H. Coffin, Vice-Presi- 
dent; H. D. Colson, 
Treasurer; Dr. Lewis 
Leach, J. W. Ferguson, 
John D. Gray and O. J. 
Woodward. J. M. Col- 
lier, Secretary. Their sup- 
ply is obtained from eight 
8-inch wells, sunk to a 
depth of from 200 to 600 feet, and pipes are laid throughout the 
city. The system cost $300,000. 




109 



Confectionery. In presenting the various popular estab- 

10^0 Mariposa Street lisbments we have tried to give only 
those whom we can recommend to our 
many readers. As one of these we call attention to this flourish- 
ing confectionery, under the management of Messrs. K. Elwood 
and G. F. St. Louis, which was established here on January i, 
1896, by these gentlemen. That they are in the right business 
in the right place is demon- 
strated by the fact that they 
have already established a good 
wholesale and retail trade, ex- 
tending through the city and 
county, and have gained dis- 
tinction for the purit}' and 
superiority of their goods. In 
connection with their attractive 
store, wiiich is stocked with 
all grades of candies, fruits and 
cigars, they manufacture ice 
cream, soda water and all of 
their own candies, which can- 
not be excelled in purity, fresh- 
ne-s and quality. A full line 
of d miestic and imported cigars 
are carried, embracing all of 
the popular brands: also, all 
grades of tobacco, and a great 
variety of fresh fruits. Ice 
cream is furnished for dinners, 
receptions, banquets, etc., at 
the most reasonable prices and 
on short notice. In this house 

Fiesno has a valuab'e acquisition to her commercial supremacy, 
and one that bids fair to command a goodly share of the patron- 
age in its line and the confidence and esteem of her people. 
Taese gentlemen have been in our county twenty years, and 
come well recommended, and having been in this same line for 
over twenty years they understand it in all of its vanous details 
and are prepared to cope with any house of the kind in the city. 




ELWOOD & ST. LOUIS CONFECTIONERY 



F. A. Foin & Son, In any city the size of Fresno there are in 
Stoves and Ranges * each branch of her trade and commerce 
houses for certain special reasons to which 
her citizens can consistently point with that degree of pride 
which lends them distinction. It is in this connection that we 
mention the house of F. A. Foin & Sm. It has been es- 
tablished in the city four years, and since its inception it has 

been recognized as one of our 
besi houses in many respects. 
They are manufacturers and 
wholesale and retail dealers in 
copper, iron and tinware, carty 
a large stock of the highest 
grades of stoves and ranges, 
and do all kinds of jobbing and 
sanitary plumbing, and make 
a specialty of a fine quality of 
work in their line, for which 
they have become specially 
famous. An important feature 
is that they are the leading 
contractors in everything in 
fine copper work, water and 
ga- fixtures, and carry a stock 
of everything to be found in a 
first-class house of this kind. 
These gentlemen are thorough 
professionals in their line, who 
have grown up in the business 
and understand it in all its va- 
rious branches, from the largest 
to the minutest department. 
Mr. F. A. Foin, the senior member of the firm, has been identi- 
fied with his trade for forty-five years, and with our Fresno 
people for four years, in which time he has established himself 
in a way that he is recognized asoneof our most reliable citizens. 
C. L. Foin, the junior member of the firm, is recognized as a 
reliable y ju lg business man, a professional of rare ability in his 
line, and is held in high esteem. No. 210 Fresno Street. 




SOME OF THE SPECIAL IMPLEMENTS MANUFACTURED BY THE FRESNO AGRICULTURAL WORKS. 




COMMERCIAL HOUSE OF H. GRAFF & CO. 



H. Graff & Company The predominant cause for the 

1817 to 1823 Tulare Street success and wouderful growth of 

Fresno is the fact that it contains 
within its confines mauy enterprising and progressive mer- 
chants, who are skilled in the various arts of trade, and lend 
all energy to keep in motion the unwieldy wheel of commerce. 
Among the best known of the merchants are Messrs. H. Graff 
and N. Johnson, who com- 
pose the firm of H. Graff 
& Co., and who are among 
our leading grocery and 
hardware firms. They have 
been established in our city 
seven years, run two wag- 
ons, and employ seven 
men, and do an extensive 
business throughout the 
city and county, even ex- 
tending their business to 
the adjoining counties. 
The popular methods of 
doing business adopted by 
th's house, as well as the 
superior quality of the 
goods c irried by them in 
their various departments, 
low prices, and courteous, 
attentive service have 
gained for them distinction 
as among the leaders, and 
a continual growth in pop- 
ularity and volume of busi- 
ness, until to-day they hold an enviable position in the estima- 
tion of a large patronage. This is one of our most attractive 
stores, as the illustration on the opposite page shows, and 
they carry a large and well-sslected stock of the freshest and 
most pure staple and fancy groceries, provisions, hardware, 
tinware, paints and oils. This house is extensively known 
throughout the city, county, and adjoining counties, and is 




RESIDENCE OF J. C. HERRINGTON. 



deservedly popular, enjoying the esteem and confidence of an 
extensive patrouage. Personally, the individual members of 
the firm occupy a leading position in a business and social 
way, and are among our most popular, enterprising and pub- 
lic-spirited citizens, who are always found in the lead in all 
enterprises for the promotion and advancement of Fresno 
City and County. 

The Herrington It being 
Home one of the 

objects of 
this work to point out those 
places of enjoyment which 
are best situated to the 
entertainment of Tourists 
and the Traveling Public, 
as well as our local people, 
we state that in our fair city 
of Fresno, on J street, 1457, 
just four blocks from the 
Jieart of the city, is situated 
this home, which the hand- 
some illustration above so 
truly represents. It is a 
lovely place, and occupies a 
corner location, surrounded 
by beautiful grounds, and is 
elegantly finished and 1'urn 
ished in every department 
with all modern conveni- 
ences for comfort and pleas- 
ure, with both electricity 
and gas, and in fact is a 
model home, having seventeen rooms. It is a most inviting 
place for those individuals and families wishing to sojourn 
with us for a week, mouth, or longer, and not wishing to open 
a house of their own, for here you can secure handsome quar- 
ters, in suite and single, with or without board. Mr. and 
Mrs. Herrington, the host and hostess, are of our most highly 
esteemed citizens, who know well the art of entertaining. 



113 



Pleasant View House This work being issued for the pur- 
Furnished Rooms pose of furnishing a fund of informa 
tion for the great traveling and emi- 
grating public as well as for our people in a local way, we kno.v 
of no better way to serve them than direct them ±o ( the Pleasant 
View House, illustrated 
herein. This beautiful 
home-like place is situ- 
ated in the heart of the 
city — as desira b 1 e as 
could be wished — with 
rooms in suite and single, 
furnished and fitted with 
all the latest and modern 
convieuces for comfort 
and pleasure, among 
which are elegant house- 
keeping rooms in suites, 
and all things else con- 
sidered is the most desir- 
able place for families as 
well as single roomers, 
ladies and gents, in the 
city. The house is di- 
rectly under the charge 
and proprietorship of our 
esteemed citizen, Joshua 
Peckham, assisted by his 
estimable wife, daughter 
and son, whose personal 
attention is a sufficient 
guarantee and justifica- 
tion to the claims herein pleasant 
that it is the most desirable house ol the kind in Fresno. This 
house has 56 well ventilated and airy rooms, which are so situ- 
ated as to be the coolest and most pleasant in summer, while in 
winter their exposure to the sun makes them most desirable on 
account of the warmth. Mr. and Mrs. Peckham, the proprie- 
tors, have been in charge of this house for the last six years, 
and conducted it on a strictly firs u -class basis, g lining distinc- 



tion tor it as being one of the leading first-class houses. They 
are most estimable people and know well the art of making 
things pleasant and homelike for their many guests. All things 
considered, we heartily recommend this house to the considera- 
tion of those who may sojourn with us. 

Mrs. A. W. Razey, 
1919 riariposa Street 

The millinery busi- 
ness "forms an important 
branch of our commerce, 
and for the benefit of our 
many lady readers we 
call special attention to 
the above popular house 
of Mrs. A. W. Razey. 
This house has been es- 
t iblished in our city four 
years and occupies the 
leading position, with a 
stock of all the latest 
styles and fashions to 
be found in the larg- 
est millinery empori- 
ums on the coast and re- 
flects credit on this branch 
of our trade and com- 
merce. She employs in 
her house six ladies of 
experience and artistic 
skill whose abilities are 
unsurpassed in any house 
in the city. Her house 
has always maintained 
the dignity of a first-class house, and fully up to the times with 
the best of everything to be hid in the Eastern markets, as she 
buys principally there in large quantities, getting thereby the 
lowest wholesale prices, which she in turn gives her customers, 
by which she has gained the distinction of selling a high class of 
goods at lower figures than are to be had elsewhere. Her mag- 
nificent display of flowers, ribbons, silks and laces, in fact, every- 




VIEW HOUSE. 



14 



thing usually carried in a strictly first-class house, is attract- 
ing the attention of the ladies, and receiving much comment. 
The conservative principles, and popular methods adopted, 
as well as their winning features, in good goods, low prices, 
and guaranteed satisfaction, makes this the most desirable 
house which we have to 
recommend to the trade. 
Personally, Mrs. Razey 
is a lady of rare artistic 
accomplishments, pos- 
sessing the charming fac- 
ulty of inspiring one 
with perfect assurance of 
confidence, which is so 
necessary to a successful 
business career, and 
stands high in a business 
and social wav. 




Patigian Bros. A suc- 
Artists cessful 

artist is 
Nature's Poet Laureate, 
he literalizes her para- 
bles, and worships at the 
shrine of beauty, and in 
no land can he find so 
large a range for the ex- 
pansion and perfection of 
his artistic abilities as in 
this " Our Switzerland- 
Italy" of America, so re- 
plete in diversified and 
scenic grandeur, and affording such innumerable picturesque 
sketchable sights of nature, in her wildest and most gentle 
moods, and which is truly the knightdom of the pencil and 
brush. The establishment of a first-class artist's studio in 
Fresno is a very natural consequence, taking the facts into 



INTERIOR OF PATIGIAN 



consideration that she abounds in beautiful scenery, and is 
surrounded by thej snow-cappedj'.Sierras, which afford an 
endless variety of studies and entrancing views with a hazy, 
dreamy atmosphere which canopies most of them. And we 
have in the above a studio which reflects much credit to our 

city. It was established 
eighteen month ago, and 
smce its inception has 
extended its acquaint- 
ance and patronage, and 
gained great importance 
in our commercial supre- 
macy. Messrs. Horen 
and Haig Patigian, the 
components of the firm, 
are young gentlemen of 
marked natural talent 
aud ability. They are 
studious, attentive to 
their duties, and destin- 
ed to fill enviable posi- 
tions in the artistic 
world. To them is due 
the credit for the artistic 
grouping of the lull-page 
engravings, and all "ar- 
tist work contained in 
this Souvenir. They do 
all kind of artist's work 
in Portraits, Painting, 



Sketches, Grouping for 
Engraving, Designing 
and Illustrating, and 
make a specialty of Sign Painting. They have been identi- 
fied with our people for six years, and enjoy the esteem and 
confidence of all, and there seems to be a wide field awaiting 
them in higher honors, and greater distinction in their profes- 
sion, and the publishers bespeak for them a life of renown. 



ITHEUS' .STUDIO 



115 



The Cowan House. This beautiful engraving, the subject of 
5. F. Cowan. Prop, this article, is one to which we wish to call 
special attention, since the hotel depart- 
ment oi our work forms an important feature in the interests of 
the traveling public, and those who may locate with us. It is 
situated almost in the heart 
of the city, though far 
enough away to avoid the 
hustle and bustle of busy 
Fresno, and with its many 
other advantages most cer- 
tainly commends itself as 
deserving the liberal patron- 
age which it surely receives. 
It bears the distinction of 
being one of the best hotels 
for the prices charged in 
the city. It is deservedly 
popular not only on account 
of the superior quality of 
their table comforts, and 
other notable conveniences, 
but on account uf the popu- 
lar and conservative ability 
of its management, being 
directly under the manage- 
ment and control of Mr. 
Cowan and wife, bespeak 
much in favor of its general "^^ 

prestige and popularity. It 

is authoritatively stated that they serve you with the best meal to 
be had in the cit}- for the popular price of 25 cents per meal, 
Si. 00 per day, or from $5.00 to $6.00 per week, or liberal rates 
to families by the month. Mr. Cowan, the proprietor, is one of 
our best known citizens, possessed of that geniality which makes 




him one of the most pleasant hotelmen one could wish to meet, 
having been engaged in the material interests of our county; in 
the culture of fruit we found him well posted, and able to give 
us much information valuable to the statistical part of our work. 
He is deservedly popular, and tourists and traveling men will 

certainly find him possessed 
of much valuable informa- 
tion respecting Fresno 
County. 

The Millinery Emporium, 
riiss C. McRae 

In the above-named 
fashionable and artistic mil- 
linery house, established by 
the Misses McRae, late of 
San Francisco, at 1142 J 
Street, Fresno has a valu- 
able acquisition to her com- 
mercial circle. These ladies, 
seeing the need of a house 
of this character, decided to 
open a strictly first-class 
house in their line, and are 
prepared to cater to a first- 
class trade, with a stock of 
goods equal to, if not super- 
ior to any in the city. These 
ladies having been engaged 
at the seat of fashion, San 
Francisco, where they conducted a very successful business for 
the past seven years, and where competition is sharp, they are 
well prepared to meet the demands of Fresno's fashionable ladies. 
By the opening of this house in our city our ladies will have the 
same advantages as they would have in the stores of San Francisco. 



McKay & Wilbur, This work is designed to fur- 

Livery and Boarding Stable nish a fund of information 

to our people in a local as 
well as in a general way, to the tourists and the great traveling 
public, and, therefore, we feel that we can do no better in filling 
our mission than to call attention to the special facilities and in- 
ducements offered by 
these gentlemen in 
their branch of our 
trade and commerce. 
This illustration 
shows their handsome 
stables, 72x150 feet 
in dimension. Their 
suberb outfits com- 
pare favorably with 
the public spirit and 
enterprise of these 
popular gentle men 
who have been iden- 
tified with our people 
in this line for the 
past two years, and 
whose strict applica- 
tion to business in a 
conserva t i v e and 
methodical way has 
won distinction- for 
them as one of the 
leaders in their line. 
Their reputation is 
by no means local, 
but extends through- 
out this and adjoin- 
ing counties, and is synonymous with the onward progress of 
Fresno. First-class accommodations are provided, and their 
line of horses, carriages, phaetons, buggies and special turnouts 
for tourists cannot be excelled in this city. A great feature of 
these stables is that they are strictly reliable, and guarantee 
satisfaction in every particular, employing nothing but the 
most reliable and ^trustworthy lielp. Of these gentlemen per- 




sonally, we note with particularity that they are among our busi- 
ness men, who stand well in social and business circles, which 
commend them to the consideration of the trade. Corner I and 
Kern Streets. 

George Bros., Merchant Tailors, One of the most encourag- 
1145 J Street ing and convincing proofs 

of the successful and 

progressive condition 

. , of the city, is the 

presence therein of a 
large number of ac- 
tive, enterprising and 
pro sperous mer- 
chants, who are 
skilled in the art of 
arafc' 1 various branches of 
trade. As one of this 
character we call at- 
tention to the above- 
named firm, who have 
been with us in this 
line for the past four 
years, and have by 
{■: -/J?, their exempliary bus- 
!MK§/ ness methods, upright 
JrOlL dealings and pleasant 
agreeable ma n n e r 
^1 developed a patron- 
age, which is a high 
tribute to their man- 
agement and reflects 
much credit to their 
house. Their long 
experience coupled 
with a practical knowledge of what constitutes symmetry and 
elegance of design in men's wearing apparel, have given them 
a proficiency attained by few of their compeers, and the truth 
of this is fully exemplified in the high character which the gar- 
ments of this responsible tailoring establishment have attained. 
All garments made by these gentlemen are perfect in fit. Gents' 
furnishing goods and hats are also carried in the latest styles. 



117 



',. R. Higgins' No branch of business has been more 

Photograph Studio rapidly and scientifically developed than 
that of the photographer. It has called 
to its cause the most skilled inventors and careful students of 
arts. The result 
is lightning work, , »p*»»»» 
perfect results and 
the annual ex- 
penditure by the 
people of many 
thousands of dol- 
lars for photo- 
graphic work. 
Prominent among 
th ose who have 
gi ven careful 
study to the work 
and provided the 
most modern ap- 
pliances to further 
this success, with 
the most satisfac- 
tory results, we 
are pleased to not- 
ice the efficient 
artist who forms 
the subject of this 
sketch. He uses 
the most modern 
appliances, and all 
his work is guar- 
anteed. Our read- 
ers who visit this 
studio will see an 




VIEWS TAKEN BY E. R. HIGGINS. THE PHOTOGRAPHER 

elegant display of fine work, which this popular artist turns out 
every day. His pictures are wonderful for their beauty, excel- 
lence of finish and the truthfulness to nature, and the studio is 
a picture within itself, so artistically and tastefully are its 



arrangements. Twelve years ago the gallery was established, 
and has since occupied the leading place among the institutions 
of this nature in Central California, being the finest and best 
photograph studio between San Francisco and Los Angeles. 

All kinds of pho- 
tographs are tak- 
en, embracing the 
latest styles and 
fi ni sh , while a 
specialty is made 
of landscape work 
and viewing, and 
of artistic posing 
and grouping. 
The most skilled 
artists are em- 
ployed, and all 
work done is of 
the finest and best 
quality. The proof 
of this is attested 
by the large num- 
ber of orders be- 
ing filled. Mr. 
H i g g i n s is an 
artist of rare abil- 
ity, having been 
identified with 
this linefor thirty- 
one years. He is 
well known to the 
people of this 
vicinity, and is 
esteemed as a gen- 
tleman of unmistakable ability, keen intelligence and unswerving 
integrity. He is a member of the One Hundred Thousand 
Club, and one of our most enterprising citizens. Visit this 
studio at the S. E. corner of I and Fresno Streets. 



118 



The Hughes House This is the largest and most thoroughly 
equiped and furnished family and tran- 
sient rooming house in the city. The photo-engraving here- 
with "represents this handsome and imposing building:, which is 



A. W. Johnson's Agency In a city the size of Fresno, offering 
Real Estate and Loans the inducements she does to invest- 
ments, no branch of her trade and 
commerce is of such vast importance as her realty. In addition 



an ornament to our city as well as an institution of which we to presenting it in a very careful and correct way, we feel it our 



are justly proud. It has 
seventy rooms in suite 
and single, well fur- 
nished and arranged 
with all convenience to 
the comforts of tbe 
guests, they being in 
part especially arranged 
for house-keeping pur- 
poses. It is situated in 
the heart of the city, and 
most convenient to busi- 
ness, yet quiet and very 
desirable and home-like. 
Mr. Fred Dodd, the pro- 
prietor, is a gentleman 
of rare ability, who 
knows well the art of 
entertaining his guests 
and having them enjoy 
their united happy home. 
With its desirable loca- 
tion, superior furnish- 
ings and its being con- 
ducted on a strictly first- 
class basis, we unhesi- 
tatingly recommend, it 
to the traveling public, 
the tourists and our 
people in general as] the^j most desirable house in the city. 
Under its new management, it has undergone a complete 
renovation, with sample rooms for^commercial men added. 
The house has^ also, among other modern improvements, 
telephone connections, etc. 




THE HUGHES HP USE. 



duty to point out the 
different firms and indi- 
viduals who are most 
reliable and best pre- 
pared to give informa- 
tion on the subject, and 
handle investments for 
those living at a dis- 
tance as well as in a local 
way. In this connection 
we bring to the notice 
of our many readers the 
subject of this article, 
A. W. Johnson, who has 
been identified with our 
people in this line for 
the past seven years, 
and who is one of our 
best posted real estate 
men. He has much fine 
property, both in the 
city and throughout the 
county, improved and 
unimproved, listed in 
the various parts of the 
country, among which 
are some rare bargains. 
Mr. Johnson's policy is 
to handle real estate on 
the basis of its value, and customers may feel safe in his quota- 
tions being the bottom figures. He does a nice business in the 
way of loaning and negociating loans. Mr. Johnson is a 
notary public, and well and favorably known as an honest and 
conscientions business man. His address is 1816 Tulare St 



119 



INDEX. 



Anita Vineyard 


72 


Architecture 


40 


Atlantic and Pacific B. K. Co. 


100 


Barrett-Hicks Co 


104 


Barton Vineyard ..... 


04 


Boston Milliner 


68 


California and Homeseekers 


88 


Central California . 


30 


Cearly C. T. 


70 


Citrus Fruits ..... 


84 


City Schools , 


40 


Churches 


42 


Climate and Health .... 


36 


C.dd Storage 


78 


Count v Schools ..... 


54 


Cowan Hotel 


116 


Dorsev & Parker 


81 


Educational ...... 


46 


Eisen Vinevard ..... 


82 


iSlwood & St. Louis .... 


110 


E^trella Blanca Vinevard . : 


68 


E\ inger S 


78 


Fishing in Kings River .... 


98 


Foin & Son ...... 


110 


Fresno City ...... 


32 


Fresno County 


50 


Fresno Banks .... 


52 


Fresno Business College .... 


66 


Fresno Bakery ..... 


74 


Fruit Culture ..... 


93 


Fresno Flume and Irrigation Company - 


108 


Fresno Cafe ..... 


106 


Fresno Agricultural Works 


111 


Gas and Electricity .... 


42 


George Brothers 


117 


Golden Rule Drug Store 


76 


Grapes . 


64 


Graff H. & Co 


113 


Hare's Sanitarium .... 


97 


Hansen & Bang ..... 


60 


Health and Climate .... 


36 


Herbert & Brooks .... 


74 


Hines J. X 


107 


Holland & Holland .... 


96 


Home Center ..... 


40 


Higgins E. R 


118 


Herrington J. C. . . 


113 


Hughes' House 


119 


Hughes Hotel 


33 



Irrigation 

Johnson A. \V. 

Kutner-Goldstein Co. 

Kohler & Chase Music House 

Lands of H. Francis 

Lake Noville Del Nieve 

Las Palmas Vineyard 

Lucas Miss Edith 

Manufactures 

Mineral Wealth 

McVey W. F. . . 

Minnewawa 

Miss C. McRae, Millinery 

Newspapers 

Oil Industry 

Olive .... 

Orange .... 

Patigian Brothers . 

Postoffice 

Pleasant View House 

Poultry .... 

Public Library 

Razey Miss A. W., Millinery 

Realty . . 

Resorts .... 

Reige C. H. . . 

Roessler F. M. 

San Francisco Underwear House 

San Joaquin Electric Company 

Scott B. T. 

Soil 

Societies 

South & Fentom 

Sperry Flour Mills 

Sports 

St. Augustine's Academy 

St. George Vineyard 

Silver Spray Falls 

Southern Pacific Railroad Company 

Sunset Photo-engraving Company 

Tehipite Dome 

Thompson R. M. 

Towns of the County 

Transportation 

Water Supply 

Warnekros A. U. 

Wellman, Peck & Co. 

Wilbur & McKay's Stable 

Webster Bros. 



55 

119 

76 

92 

62 

98 

74 

92 

48 

56 

89 

91 

116 

44 

59 

59 

64 

115 

42 

114 

59 

42 

114 

54 

34 

101 



78 
99 
105 
51 
44 
54 
60 
34 
65 



98 

88 

103 

98 

89 

58 

48 

40 

70 

72 

117 

102 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 




Anita Vineyard 73 


Citrus Fruit Group 




85 


Dr. W. J. Baker's Residence 




31 


Mrs. J. P. Bernitt's Residence 




31 


Barton Vineyard .... 




95 


Banker's Portrait Group 




53 


Business Men's Portrait Group 




57 


Dr. J. C. Cooper's Residence 




31 


Church Group .... 




43 


Wm. Davison's Residence 






37 


Dorsey & Parker 






81 


W. W. Eden s Residence 






41 


Estrella Blanca Vineyard 






69 


S. Evinger's Packing House 






79 


Eisen Vineyard 






83 


Fresno Agricultural Works 






111 


Fresno Business College 






66 


Fresno Blocks 






33 


Farmer's Bank 






45 


H. Francis' Colony Lands 






63 


First National Bank 






39 


Jno. N. Hines' Residence 






37 


High School 






54 


Kutner-Goldstein Co. 






77 


Las Palmas Vineyard 






75 


Minnewawa 






91 


Mountain Views 






35 


M. R. Madary's Residence 






37 


M. R. Madary's Mill 






106 


M. W. Muller's Residence 






41 


People's Savings Bank 






49 


Pnblic Schools 






47 


Pollaskey Residence 






31 


F. VI. Roessler's Residence 






69 


A. B. Smith's Residence 






37 


B. T. Scott's Residence . 






41 


San Joaquin Electric Plant 






98 


St. George Vineyard 






87 


Sperry Mills 






61 


W. R. Thomas' Residence 






41 


Thompson Seedless Grape 






64 


A. U. Warnekros' Residence 




71 


I. J. Woodward's Residence 




41 


Henry Wolter's Residence 




37 


Water Tower . 






109 



Fresno Marble and Granite Works, Doyle Bros., 
Proprietors, Corner Fresno and I Streets. 



nimmmmmm^mmmmm^^mmmmim^m^^mm 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
















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